pyrazinamide
E928064
World Health Organization essential medicine
antitubercular drug
first-line antitubercular agent
nicotinamide analog
pharmaceutical drug
prodrug
Pyrazinamide is a first-line antitubercular drug used in combination therapy to shorten and intensify treatment of tuberculosis caused by the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex.
All labels observed (1)
| Label | Occurrences |
|---|---|
| pyrazinamide canonical | 1 |
How this entity was disambiguated
This entity first appeared as the object of triple T11466806 — resolving that mention is where its identity was fixed. The disambiguator weighed these candidate entities and picked the highlighted one (or “None”, minting a new entity). This is how homonymy is resolved: the same surface form can point to different entities.
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: pyrazinamide Context triple: [Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex, antibioticTreatment, pyrazinamide]
-
A.
rifampicin
Rifampicin is a broad-spectrum rifamycin antibiotic widely used as a first-line drug in the treatment of tuberculosis and other serious bacterial infections.
-
B.
amantadine
Amantadine is an antiviral and antiparkinsonian medication used to help manage motor symptoms such as tremor and rigidity in people with Parkinson’s disease.
-
C.
Mectizan
Mectizan is the brand name for ivermectin, a medication widely used to prevent and treat river blindness (onchocerciasis) and certain other parasitic infections.
-
D.
Bunefer
Bunefer was an ancient Egyptian queen of the late Fourth Dynasty, likely known from her tomb at Giza and associated with the royal family of that period.
-
E.
Kotramide
Kotramide was a medieval Armenian noblewoman known primarily as the wife of King Ashot I Bagratuni, the first king of the Bagratid Kingdom of Armenia.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: pyrazinamide Target entity description: Pyrazinamide is a first-line antitubercular drug used in combination therapy to shorten and intensify treatment of tuberculosis caused by the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex.
-
A.
rifampicin
Rifampicin is a broad-spectrum rifamycin antibiotic widely used as a first-line drug in the treatment of tuberculosis and other serious bacterial infections.
-
B.
amantadine
Amantadine is an antiviral and antiparkinsonian medication used to help manage motor symptoms such as tremor and rigidity in people with Parkinson’s disease.
-
C.
Mectizan
Mectizan is the brand name for ivermectin, a medication widely used to prevent and treat river blindness (onchocerciasis) and certain other parasitic infections.
-
D.
Bunefer
Bunefer was an ancient Egyptian queen of the late Fourth Dynasty, likely known from her tomb at Giza and associated with the royal family of that period.
-
E.
Kotramide
Kotramide was a medieval Armenian noblewoman known primarily as the wife of King Ashot I Bagratuni, the first king of the Bagratid Kingdom of Armenia.
- F. None of above. chosen
Statements (47)
| Predicate | Object |
|---|---|
| instanceOf |
World Health Organization essential medicine
ⓘ
antitubercular drug ⓘ first-line antitubercular agent ⓘ nicotinamide analog ⓘ pharmaceutical drug ⓘ prodrug ⓘ |
| activatedBy | mycobacterial pyrazinamidase ⓘ |
| activeAgainst | semi-dormant mycobacteria in acidic environments ⓘ |
| belongsToClass | antimycobacterial agents ⓘ |
| contraindicatedIn |
acute gout
ⓘ
severe hepatic impairment ⓘ |
| contributesTo | shortening duration of tuberculosis therapy ⓘ |
| discoveredIn | 1950s ⓘ |
| eliminatedVia | kidney ⓘ |
| hasAdverseEffect |
arthralgia
ⓘ
gastrointestinal upset ⓘ hepatotoxicity ⓘ hyperuricemia ⓘ |
| hasATCCode | J04AK01 ⓘ |
| hasBioavailability | high oral bioavailability ⓘ |
| hasCASNumber | 98-96-4 ⓘ |
| hasChemicalFormula | C5H5N3O ⓘ |
| hasDefinedDailyDose | 1.5 g (oral, adult) ⓘ |
| hasIUPACName | pyrazine-2-carboxamide ⓘ |
| hasLegalStatus | prescription-only medicine ⓘ |
| hasMechanismOfAction | disrupts membrane transport and energy production in Mycobacterium tuberculosis ⓘ |
| hasMeltingPoint | ~190 °C ⓘ |
| hasMolarMass | 123.11 g/mol ⓘ |
| hasPregnancyCategoryUS | C ⓘ |
| hasProteinBinding | low ⓘ |
| hasRouteOfAdministration |
intravenous
ⓘ
oral ⓘ |
| hasTargetOrganism |
Mycobacterium bovis (some strains resistant)
ⓘ
Mycobacterium tuberculosis NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| hasTypicalDoseRange | 20–30 mg/kg/day ⓘ |
| includedIn | WHO Model List of Essential Medicines NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| isOn | World Health Organization List of Essential Medicines NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| isProdrugOf | pyrazinoic acid ⓘ |
| metabolizedIn | liver ⓘ |
| usedDuring | intensive phase of tuberculosis treatment ⓘ |
| usedFor |
drug-susceptible pulmonary tuberculosis
ⓘ
tuberculosis ⓘ tuberculosis caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex ⓘ |
| usedInCombinationWith |
ethambutol
NERFINISHED
ⓘ
isoniazid ⓘ rifampicin NERFINISHED ⓘ streptomycin NERFINISHED ⓘ |
How these facts were elicited
The pipeline generated the facts above by prompting gpt-5.1 with this entity's name + description and the instruction below.
Instruction
You are a knowledge base construction expert. Given a subject entity and a description of it, return factual statements that you know for the subject as a JSON list of dictionaries(triples), where keys must be "subject", "predicate" and "object". The number of facts may be very high, between 25 to 50 or more, for very popular subjects. For less popular subjects, the number of facts can be very low, like 5 or 10. # Requirements - If you don't know the subject at all, return an empty list. - If the subject is not a named entity, return an empty list. - Include at least one triple where predicate is "instanceOf". - Do not get too wordy. - Separate several objects into multiple triples with one object.
Input
Subject: pyrazinamide Description of subject: Pyrazinamide is a first-line antitubercular drug used in combination therapy to shorten and intensify treatment of tuberculosis caused by the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex.
Referenced by (1)
Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.