MSW effect
E860355
The MSW effect is a phenomenon in which neutrino flavor conversion is resonantly enhanced as neutrinos propagate through matter, significantly altering their oscillation behavior compared to vacuum.
All labels observed (1)
| Label | Occurrences |
|---|---|
| MSW effect canonical | 1 |
How this entity was disambiguated
This entity first appeared as the object of triple T10376289 — resolving that mention is where its identity was fixed. The disambiguator weighed these candidate entities and picked the highlighted one (or “None”, minting a new entity). This is how homonymy is resolved: the same surface form can point to different entities.
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: MSW effect Context triple: [neutrino oscillation, hasSpecialCase, MSW effect]
-
A.
MSW
MSW is a professional graduate degree in social work that prepares students for advanced practice in fields such as clinical services, community organizing, and social policy.
-
B.
Segré–Silberberg effect
The Segré–Silberberg effect is a fluid dynamics phenomenon in which particles suspended in laminar flow through a circular tube migrate to stable equilibrium positions at a characteristic radial distance from the tube wall.
-
C.
Landau–Pomeranchuk–Migdal effect
The Landau–Pomeranchuk–Migdal effect is a quantum electrodynamics phenomenon in which high-energy electrons and photons in dense media experience suppressed bremsstrahlung and pair production due to multiple scattering.
-
D.
Gunn effect
The Gunn effect is an electronic phenomenon in certain semiconductors where negative differential resistance leads to high-frequency oscillations and microwave generation under strong electric fields.
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E.
Szilard–Chalmers effect
The Szilard–Chalmers effect is a nuclear chemistry phenomenon in which atoms that undergo neutron capture and become radioactive are chemically separated from their original, non-activated atoms due to recoil-induced disruption of their chemical bonds.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: MSW effect Target entity description: The MSW effect is a phenomenon in which neutrino flavor conversion is resonantly enhanced as neutrinos propagate through matter, significantly altering their oscillation behavior compared to vacuum.
-
A.
MSW
MSW is a professional graduate degree in social work that prepares students for advanced practice in fields such as clinical services, community organizing, and social policy.
-
B.
Segré–Silberberg effect
The Segré–Silberberg effect is a fluid dynamics phenomenon in which particles suspended in laminar flow through a circular tube migrate to stable equilibrium positions at a characteristic radial distance from the tube wall.
-
C.
Landau–Pomeranchuk–Migdal effect
The Landau–Pomeranchuk–Migdal effect is a quantum electrodynamics phenomenon in which high-energy electrons and photons in dense media experience suppressed bremsstrahlung and pair production due to multiple scattering.
-
D.
Gunn effect
The Gunn effect is an electronic phenomenon in certain semiconductors where negative differential resistance leads to high-frequency oscillations and microwave generation under strong electric fields.
-
E.
Szilard–Chalmers effect
The Szilard–Chalmers effect is a nuclear chemistry phenomenon in which atoms that undergo neutron capture and become radioactive are chemically separated from their original, non-activated atoms due to recoil-induced disruption of their chemical bonds.
- F. None of above. chosen
Statements (59)
| Predicate | Object |
|---|---|
| instanceOf |
matter-induced neutrino effect
ⓘ
neutrino oscillation phenomenon ⓘ physical phenomenon ⓘ |
| appliesTo |
electron neutrinos
ⓘ
muon neutrinos ⓘ neutrino flavor states ⓘ neutrinos ⓘ tau neutrinos ⓘ |
| context |
atmospheric neutrinos
ⓘ
long-baseline neutrino experiments ⓘ solar neutrinos ⓘ supernova neutrinos ⓘ |
| discoveredBy |
Alexei Smirnov
NERFINISHED
ⓘ
Lincoln Wolfenstein NERFINISHED ⓘ Stanislav Mikheyev NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| field |
astroparticle physics
ⓘ
neutrino physics ⓘ particle physics ⓘ theoretical physics ⓘ |
| fullName | Mikheyev–Smirnov–Wolfenstein effect NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| hasConsequence |
affects neutrino propagation in the Earth
ⓘ
affects supernova neutrino spectra ⓘ enables determination of neutrino mass ordering in some experiments ⓘ enhanced neutrino flavor conversion in the Sun ⓘ explains solar neutrino deficit ⓘ modifies survival probability of electron neutrinos ⓘ |
| hasProperty |
arises from weak interactions with electrons in matter
ⓘ
breaks vacuum oscillation symmetry between flavors in matter ⓘ can lead to almost complete flavor conversion ⓘ depends on electron number density ⓘ depends on mass-squared differences ⓘ depends on matter density ⓘ depends on mixing angle ⓘ depends on neutrino energy ⓘ introduces an effective potential for electron neutrinos ⓘ is a coherent forward scattering effect ⓘ modifies neutrino oscillations in matter ⓘ occurs when effective mixing angle in matter becomes maximal ⓘ resonant flavor conversion in matter ⓘ |
| interactionType |
charged-current weak interaction
ⓘ
neutral-current weak interaction ⓘ |
| namedAfter |
Alexei Smirnov
NERFINISHED
ⓘ
Lincoln Wolfenstein NERFINISHED ⓘ Stanislav Mikheyev NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| occursIn |
Earth’s interior for some neutrino trajectories
ⓘ
core-collapse supernovae ⓘ dense astrophysical environments ⓘ interior of the Sun ⓘ |
| occursWhen | matter potential approximately cancels vacuum term in Hamiltonian ⓘ |
| relatedTo |
Pontecorvo–Maki–Nakagawa–Sakata matrix
NERFINISHED
ⓘ
flavor conversion resonance ⓘ neutrino mass hierarchy ⓘ neutrino oscillations ⓘ solar neutrino problem ⓘ |
| theoreticalBasis |
Schrödinger-like evolution equation in matter
ⓘ
effective Hamiltonian in matter ⓘ flavor eigenstates ⓘ neutrino mass eigenstates ⓘ neutrino mixing ⓘ |
How these facts were elicited
The pipeline generated the facts above by prompting gpt-5.1 with this entity's name + description and the instruction below.
Instruction
You are a knowledge base construction expert. Given a subject entity and a description of it, return factual statements that you know for the subject as a JSON list of dictionaries(triples), where keys must be "subject", "predicate" and "object". The number of facts may be very high, between 25 to 50 or more, for very popular subjects. For less popular subjects, the number of facts can be very low, like 5 or 10. # Requirements - If you don't know the subject at all, return an empty list. - If the subject is not a named entity, return an empty list. - Include at least one triple where predicate is "instanceOf". - Do not get too wordy. - Separate several objects into multiple triples with one object.
Input
Subject: MSW effect Description of subject: The MSW effect is a phenomenon in which neutrino flavor conversion is resonantly enhanced as neutrinos propagate through matter, significantly altering their oscillation behavior compared to vacuum.
Referenced by (1)
Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.