No Surprises Act
E851378
The No Surprises Act is a U.S. federal law that protects patients from unexpected out-of-network medical bills and limits balance billing in many emergency and non-emergency care situations.
All labels observed (1)
| Label | Occurrences |
|---|---|
| No Surprises Act canonical | 1 |
How this entity was disambiguated
This entity first appeared as the object of triple T10230791 — resolving that mention is where its identity was fixed. The disambiguator weighed these candidate entities and picked the highlighted one (or “None”, minting a new entity). This is how homonymy is resolved: the same surface form can point to different entities.
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: No Surprises Act Context triple: [Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2021, contains, No Surprises Act]
-
A.
Brady Act
The Brady Act is a U.S. federal law that established background checks and waiting periods for handgun purchases to help prevent gun violence.
-
B.
Patient Safety and Quality Improvement Act of 2005
The Patient Safety and Quality Improvement Act of 2005 is a U.S. federal law designed to improve healthcare quality and reduce medical errors by encouraging confidential reporting and analysis of patient safety events.
-
C.
PACT Act
The PACT Act is a U.S. law that expands healthcare and benefits for veterans exposed to burn pits and other toxic substances during their military service.
-
D.
Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act
The Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) is a U.S. federal law that sets national standards for protecting sensitive patient health information and improving the portability and continuity of health insurance coverage.
-
E.
21st Century Cures Act
The 21st Century Cures Act is a U.S. federal law enacted in 2016 that accelerates medical product development and innovation, expands funding for biomedical research and mental health services, and modernizes the regulation of drugs and medical devices.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: No Surprises Act Target entity description: The No Surprises Act is a U.S. federal law that protects patients from unexpected out-of-network medical bills and limits balance billing in many emergency and non-emergency care situations.
-
A.
Brady Act
The Brady Act is a U.S. federal law that established background checks and waiting periods for handgun purchases to help prevent gun violence.
-
B.
Patient Safety and Quality Improvement Act of 2005
The Patient Safety and Quality Improvement Act of 2005 is a U.S. federal law designed to improve healthcare quality and reduce medical errors by encouraging confidential reporting and analysis of patient safety events.
-
C.
PACT Act
The PACT Act is a U.S. law that expands healthcare and benefits for veterans exposed to burn pits and other toxic substances during their military service.
-
D.
Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act
The Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) is a U.S. federal law that sets national standards for protecting sensitive patient health information and improving the portability and continuity of health insurance coverage.
-
E.
21st Century Cures Act
The 21st Century Cures Act is a U.S. federal law enacted in 2016 that accelerates medical product development and innovation, expands funding for biomedical research and mental health services, and modernizes the regulation of drugs and medical devices.
- F. None of above. chosen
Statements (48)
| Predicate | Object |
|---|---|
| instanceOf |
United States federal law
ⓘ
health care consumer protection law ⓘ |
| aimsTo |
reduce medical debt caused by unexpected bills
ⓘ
shift payment disputes from patients to insurers and providers ⓘ |
| appliesTo |
certain non-emergency services at in-network facilities
ⓘ
emergency services ⓘ group health plans ⓘ individual health insurance coverage ⓘ most employer-sponsored health plans ⓘ patients with private health insurance ⓘ |
| category |
health insurance regulation
ⓘ
patient financial protection ⓘ |
| containsProvision |
air ambulance surprise billing protections
ⓘ
good faith estimate for uninsured and self-pay individuals ⓘ patient-provider dispute resolution for uninsured and self-pay individuals ⓘ |
| country |
United States of America
ⓘ
surface form:
United States
|
| dateEnacted | 2020-12-27 ⓘ |
| doesNotApplyTo |
Medicaid billing rules
ⓘ
traditional Medicare billing rules ⓘ |
| effectiveDate | 2022-01-01 ⓘ |
| enforcedBy |
Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services
NERFINISHED
ⓘ
state insurance regulators ⓘ |
| establishes | independent dispute resolution process for payment disputes ⓘ |
| exempts |
short-term limited duration insurance
ⓘ
stand-alone dental plans ⓘ stand-alone vision plans ⓘ |
| implementedBy |
U.S. Department of Health and Human Services
NERFINISHED
ⓘ
U.S. Department of Labor NERFINISHED ⓘ U.S. Department of the Treasury NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| jurisdiction |
United States government
ⓘ
surface form:
United States federal government
|
| partOf | Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2021 NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| prohibits |
balance billing for certain non-emergency services at in-network facilities
ⓘ
balance billing for emergency services in many situations ⓘ most surprise out-of-network bills for emergency services ⓘ |
| protects |
insured patients from surprise out-of-network bills at in-network facilities in many cases
ⓘ
insured patients from surprise out-of-network emergency bills ⓘ |
| purpose |
increase price transparency in health care
ⓘ
limit balance billing ⓘ protect patients from unexpected out-of-network medical bills ⓘ |
| regulates |
air ambulance billing
ⓘ
balance billing ⓘ out-of-network billing practices ⓘ |
| requires |
advance notice and consent for certain out-of-network services
ⓘ
disclosure of patient protections against surprise billing ⓘ good faith estimates of charges for uninsured and self-pay patients ⓘ provider-payer independent dispute resolution process ⓘ |
| scope | commercial health insurance markets ⓘ |
| signedIntoLawBy | Donald Trump NERFINISHED ⓘ |
How these facts were elicited
The pipeline generated the facts above by prompting gpt-5.1 with this entity's name + description and the instruction below.
Instruction
You are a knowledge base construction expert. Given a subject entity and a description of it, return factual statements that you know for the subject as a JSON list of dictionaries(triples), where keys must be "subject", "predicate" and "object". The number of facts may be very high, between 25 to 50 or more, for very popular subjects. For less popular subjects, the number of facts can be very low, like 5 or 10. # Requirements - If you don't know the subject at all, return an empty list. - If the subject is not a named entity, return an empty list. - Include at least one triple where predicate is "instanceOf". - Do not get too wordy. - Separate several objects into multiple triples with one object.
Input
Subject: No Surprises Act Description of subject: The No Surprises Act is a U.S. federal law that protects patients from unexpected out-of-network medical bills and limits balance billing in many emergency and non-emergency care situations.
Referenced by (1)
Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.