Mishnaic Hebrew

E845803

Mishnaic Hebrew is the post-Biblical form of Hebrew used in the Mishnah and other early rabbinic texts, characterized by distinct vocabulary, grammar, and style compared to Biblical Hebrew.

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All labels observed (2)

Label Occurrences
Mishnaic Hebrew canonical 15
Rabbinic Hebrew 1

Statements (46)

Predicate Object
instanceOf Jewish language
historical language
variety of Hebrew
alternativeName Early Rabbinic Hebrew NERFINISHED
Mishnaic Hebrew NERFINISHED
Tannaitic Hebrew NERFINISHED
chronologicalPosition between Biblical Hebrew and Medieval Hebrew
developedFrom Biblical Hebrew NERFINISHED
distinctFrom Biblical Hebrew NERFINISHED
Medieval Hebrew NERFINISHED
Modern Hebrew NERFINISHED
hasFeature analytic constructions more frequent than in Biblical Hebrew
changes in verbal system compared to Biblical Hebrew
distinct grammar compared to Biblical Hebrew
distinct style compared to Biblical Hebrew
distinct vocabulary compared to Biblical Hebrew
frequent use of periphrastic verb forms
increased use of loanwords from Aramaic
increased use of loanwords from Greek
more fixed word order than Biblical Hebrew
simplification of some case and gender distinctions
influenced Medieval Hebrew NERFINISHED
Modern Hebrew NERFINISHED
influencedBy Jewish Palestinian Aramaic NERFINISHED
ISO639-3Code hbo
languageFamily Afroasiatic languages
Semitic languages
note often treated as a stage or register of Hebrew rather than a fully separate language
partOf Canaanite languages NERFINISHED
Northwest Semitic languages NERFINISHED
primaryText Mishnah NERFINISHED
Sifra NERFINISHED
Sifre NERFINISHED
Tosefta NERFINISHED
region Land of Israel NERFINISHED
Roman Palestine NERFINISHED
status language of rabbinic scholarship
liturgical language
timePeriod approximately 1st to 3rd centuries CE
usedBy Tannaim NERFINISHED
early rabbinic sages
usedIn Mishnah NERFINISHED
Tosefta NERFINISHED
early rabbinic literature
halakhic midrashim
writingSystem Hebrew alphabet NERFINISHED

Referenced by (16)

Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.

Mishnah Bikkurim language Mishnaic Hebrew
Seder Tohorot language Mishnaic Hebrew
Bekhorot language Mishnaic Hebrew
Meilah language Mishnaic Hebrew
Tamid language Mishnaic Hebrew
Middot language Mishnaic Hebrew
Talmud Yerushalmi language Mishnaic Hebrew
Rabbi Yohanan bar Nappaha language Mishnaic Hebrew
Resh Lakish language Mishnaic Hebrew
Rabbi Yaakov Emden languageOfWork Mishnaic Hebrew
this entity surface form: Rabbinic Hebrew
Rabbi Meir languageOfWork Mishnaic Hebrew
Rabbi Joshua ben Hananiah language Mishnaic Hebrew
Rabbi Tarfon language Mishnaic Hebrew
HEBREW LETTER AYIN usedIn Mishnaic Hebrew
subject surface form: Hebrew letter Ayin
Rabban Gamaliel II languageOfWork Mishnaic Hebrew