Bison antiquus
E782787
Bison antiquus is an extinct large-bodied Ice Age bison species that roamed North America during the late Pleistocene and is a key ancestor of the modern American bison.
All labels observed (1)
| Label | Occurrences |
|---|---|
| Bison antiquus canonical | 2 |
How this entity was disambiguated
This entity first appeared as the object of triple T9159023 — resolving that mention is where its identity was fixed. The disambiguator weighed these candidate entities and picked the highlighted one (or “None”, minting a new entity). This is how homonymy is resolved: the same surface form can point to different entities.
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Bison antiquus Context triple: [Lindenmeier site, mainPreySpecies, Bison antiquus]
-
A.
Arctodus
Arctodus is an extinct genus of large North American short-faced bears that lived during the Pleistocene epoch.
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B.
Bos primigenius
Bos primigenius, commonly known as the aurochs, was a large wild cattle species that once roamed much of Europe, Asia, and North Africa and is now extinct.
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C.
Mammoth
The Mammoth is an extinct, large, shaggy-haired elephant-like mammal known for its long curved tusks and adaptation to Ice Age environments.
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D.
Hebior Mammoth
The Hebior Mammoth is a nearly complete mammoth fossil discovered in Wisconsin that is notable for evidence of early human butchering, making it important to the study of prehistoric human activity in North America.
-
E.
Odobenus
Odobenus is the genus of large marine mammals commonly known as walruses, characterized by their long tusks, whiskered faces, and Arctic habitat.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Bison antiquus Target entity description: Bison antiquus is an extinct large-bodied Ice Age bison species that roamed North America during the late Pleistocene and is a key ancestor of the modern American bison.
-
A.
Arctodus
Arctodus is an extinct genus of large North American short-faced bears that lived during the Pleistocene epoch.
-
B.
Bos primigenius
Bos primigenius, commonly known as the aurochs, was a large wild cattle species that once roamed much of Europe, Asia, and North Africa and is now extinct.
-
C.
Mammoth
The Mammoth is an extinct, large, shaggy-haired elephant-like mammal known for its long curved tusks and adaptation to Ice Age environments.
-
D.
Hebior Mammoth
The Hebior Mammoth is a nearly complete mammoth fossil discovered in Wisconsin that is notable for evidence of early human butchering, making it important to the study of prehistoric human activity in North America.
-
E.
Odobenus
Odobenus is the genus of large marine mammals commonly known as walruses, characterized by their long tusks, whiskered faces, and Arctic habitat.
- F. None of above. chosen
Statements (52)
| Predicate | Object |
|---|---|
| instanceOf |
bison
ⓘ
extinct species ⓘ mammal ⓘ |
| ancestorOf | Bison bison NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| associatedWith |
Folsom culture
NERFINISHED
ⓘ
Paleoindian hunting sites ⓘ |
| binomialName | Bison antiquus NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| bodyLength | about 3.7 meters ⓘ |
| bodySize | large-bodied ⓘ |
| causeOfExtinction |
climate change at end of Pleistocene (hypothesized)
ⓘ
human hunting pressure (hypothesized) ⓘ |
| class | Mammalia ⓘ |
| commonName |
ancient bison
ⓘ
antique bison ⓘ |
| diet | herbivorous ⓘ |
| extinctionStatus | extinct ⓘ |
| family | Bovidae NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| fossilsFoundIn |
La Brea Tar Pits
NERFINISHED
ⓘ
Natural Trap Cave NERFINISHED ⓘ various Pleistocene cave deposits in North America ⓘ |
| foundIn |
Alaska
NERFINISHED
ⓘ
California NERFINISHED ⓘ Great Plains NERFINISHED ⓘ Mexico NERFINISHED ⓘ southwestern United States NERFINISHED ⓘ western North America ⓘ |
| genus | Bison NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| geologicalEpoch |
Late Pleistocene
NERFINISHED
ⓘ
Pleistocene NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| habitat |
open grasslands
ⓘ
steppe environments ⓘ |
| hornSpan | up to about 1 meter or more ⓘ |
| kingdom | Animalia ⓘ |
| knownFrom | fossil remains ⓘ |
| lastAppearance | end of the Pleistocene ⓘ |
| mass | up to about 900 kilograms ⓘ |
| morphologicalFeature |
high shoulder hump
ⓘ
longer horns than modern American bison ⓘ more robust skeleton than modern American bison ⓘ |
| nativeRange | North America NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| order | Artiodactyla ⓘ |
| phylum | Chordata ⓘ |
| relatedTo | Bison bison NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| replacedBy | Bison bison in Holocene ⓘ |
| scientificSignificance |
important for understanding evolution of American bison
ⓘ
key taxon for late Pleistocene North American megafauna studies ⓘ |
| shoulderHeight | about 2.3 meters ⓘ |
| subfamily | Bovinae ⓘ |
| taxonRank | species ⓘ |
| timeRange | approximately 240000 to 10000 years ago ⓘ |
| trophicLevel | primary consumer ⓘ |
| usedAs | prey by early humans in North America ⓘ |
How these facts were elicited
The pipeline generated the facts above by prompting gpt-5.1 with this entity's name + description and the instruction below.
Instruction
You are a knowledge base construction expert. Given a subject entity and a description of it, return factual statements that you know for the subject as a JSON list of dictionaries(triples), where keys must be "subject", "predicate" and "object". The number of facts may be very high, between 25 to 50 or more, for very popular subjects. For less popular subjects, the number of facts can be very low, like 5 or 10. # Requirements - If you don't know the subject at all, return an empty list. - If the subject is not a named entity, return an empty list. - Include at least one triple where predicate is "instanceOf". - Do not get too wordy. - Separate several objects into multiple triples with one object.
Input
Subject: Bison antiquus Description of subject: Bison antiquus is an extinct large-bodied Ice Age bison species that roamed North America during the late Pleistocene and is a key ancestor of the modern American bison.
Referenced by (2)
Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.