Space Fence space surveillance system
E77492
The Space Fence space surveillance system is a U.S. Air Force-operated, Lockheed Martin–built radar network designed to track and catalog objects in Earth orbit with unprecedented precision.
All labels observed (5)
| Label | Occurrences |
|---|---|
| Air Force Space Surveillance System | 1 |
| Space Fence Program | 1 |
| Space Fence space surveillance system canonical | 1 |
| Space Sensing | 1 |
| U.S. Space Surveillance Network | 1 |
How this entity was disambiguated
This entity first appeared as the object of triple T617429 — resolving that mention is where its identity was fixed. The disambiguator weighed these candidate entities and picked the highlighted one (or “None”, minting a new entity). This is how homonymy is resolved: the same surface form can point to different entities.
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Space Fence space surveillance system Context triple: [Lockheed Martin, notableProgram, Space Fence space surveillance system]
-
A.
Space-Based Infrared System
The Space-Based Infrared System (SBIRS) is a U.S. military satellite constellation designed to provide global missile launch detection, missile defense support, and strategic infrared surveillance.
-
B.
Starlink satellite constellation
The Starlink satellite constellation is a large network of low Earth orbit satellites developed by SpaceX to provide high-speed, low-latency global internet coverage.
-
C.
Air Force Satellite Control Network
The Air Force Satellite Control Network is a global system of ground stations and facilities that provides command, control, and communications for U.S. military and national security satellites.
-
D.
Joint Task Force–Space Defense
Joint Task Force–Space Defense is a U.S. military organization responsible for protecting and defending American and allied interests in space through space domain awareness and defensive space operations.
-
E.
NASA field center network
The NASA field center network is a system of geographically distributed research and operational centers that carry out NASA’s missions in aeronautics, space exploration, and scientific discovery.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Space Fence space surveillance system Target entity description: The Space Fence space surveillance system is a U.S. Air Force-operated, Lockheed Martin–built radar network designed to track and catalog objects in Earth orbit with unprecedented precision.
-
A.
Space-Based Infrared System
The Space-Based Infrared System (SBIRS) is a U.S. military satellite constellation designed to provide global missile launch detection, missile defense support, and strategic infrared surveillance.
-
B.
Starlink satellite constellation
The Starlink satellite constellation is a large network of low Earth orbit satellites developed by SpaceX to provide high-speed, low-latency global internet coverage.
-
C.
Air Force Satellite Control Network
The Air Force Satellite Control Network is a global system of ground stations and facilities that provides command, control, and communications for U.S. military and national security satellites.
-
D.
Joint Task Force–Space Defense
Joint Task Force–Space Defense is a U.S. military organization responsible for protecting and defending American and allied interests in space through space domain awareness and defensive space operations.
-
E.
NASA field center network
The NASA field center network is a system of geographically distributed research and operational centers that carry out NASA’s missions in aeronautics, space exploration, and scientific discovery.
- F. None of above. chosen
Statements (49)
| Predicate | Object |
|---|---|
| instanceOf |
ground-based radar system
ⓘ
space situational awareness asset ⓘ space surveillance system ⓘ |
| alsoKnownAs | AFSSS replacement ⓘ |
| capability |
high-precision tracking of small orbital objects
ⓘ
high-rate surveillance of large volumes of space ⓘ |
| contractAwardedTo | Lockheed Martin in 2014 ⓘ |
| contractor |
Lockheed Martin Space
ⓘ
surface form:
Lockheed Martin Space Systems
|
| country |
United States of America
ⓘ
surface form:
United States
|
| customer |
Department of Defense
ⓘ
surface form:
U.S. Department of Defense
|
| designedBy |
Lockheed Martin
ⓘ
surface form:
Lockheed Martin engineers
|
| formerOperator | United States Air Force ⓘ |
| frequencyBand | S-band ⓘ |
| fundingAgency |
Air Force Space Command
ⓘ
surface form:
U.S. Air Force Space Command
|
| initialOperationalCapability | March 2020 ⓘ |
| locatedIn |
Kwajalein Atoll
ⓘ
Marshall Islands ⓘ
surface form:
Republic of the Marshall Islands
|
| manufacturer | Lockheed Martin ⓘ |
| mission |
improve accuracy of the space object catalog
ⓘ
provide uncued detection of space objects ⓘ |
| operator | United States Space Force ⓘ |
| orbitsCovered |
geosynchronous orbit
ⓘ
low Earth orbit ⓘ medium Earth orbit ⓘ |
| partOf |
Space Fence space surveillance system
self-linksurface differs
ⓘ
surface form:
U.S. Space Surveillance Network
|
| primarySite |
Kwajalein Atoll
ⓘ
surface form:
Kwajalein Atoll, Marshall Islands
|
| programOfRecord |
Space Fence space surveillance system
self-linksurface differs
ⓘ
surface form:
Space Fence Program
|
| purpose |
cataloging objects in Earth orbit
ⓘ
space debris tracking ⓘ space object tracking ⓘ space situational awareness ⓘ |
| replaced |
Space Fence space surveillance system
self-linksurface differs
ⓘ
surface form:
Air Force Space Surveillance System
|
| resolution | can detect objects smaller than 10 centimeters in low Earth orbit ⓘ |
| site |
U.S. Army Kwajalein Atoll (USAKA) missile range
ⓘ
surface form:
U.S. Army Garrison–Kwajalein Atoll
|
| status | operational ⓘ |
| supports |
Joint Space Operations Center
ⓘ
surface form:
Combined Space Operations Center
Joint Space Operations Center ⓘ collision avoidance for satellites ⓘ conjunction assessment ⓘ space domain awareness ⓘ space traffic management ⓘ |
| technology |
digital beamforming
ⓘ
phased-array radar ⓘ |
| tracks |
artificial satellites
ⓘ
microsatellites ⓘ small orbital fragments ⓘ space debris ⓘ spent rocket bodies ⓘ |
| uses | S-band radar ⓘ |
How these facts were elicited
The pipeline generated the facts above by prompting gpt-5.1 with this entity's name + description and the instruction below.
Instruction
You are a knowledge base construction expert. Given a subject entity and a description of it, return factual statements that you know for the subject as a JSON list of dictionaries(triples), where keys must be "subject", "predicate" and "object". The number of facts may be very high, between 25 to 50 or more, for very popular subjects. For less popular subjects, the number of facts can be very low, like 5 or 10. # Requirements - If you don't know the subject at all, return an empty list. - If the subject is not a named entity, return an empty list. - Include at least one triple where predicate is "instanceOf". - Do not get too wordy. - Separate several objects into multiple triples with one object.
Input
Subject: Space Fence space surveillance system Description of subject: The Space Fence space surveillance system is a U.S. Air Force-operated, Lockheed Martin–built radar network designed to track and catalog objects in Earth orbit with unprecedented precision.
Referenced by (5)
Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.
this entity surface form:
Space Sensing
Space Fence space surveillance system
→
replaced
→
Space Fence space surveillance system
self-linksurface differs
ⓘ
subject surface form:
Space Fence
this entity surface form:
Air Force Space Surveillance System
Space Fence space surveillance system
→
programOfRecord
→
Space Fence space surveillance system
self-linksurface differs
ⓘ
subject surface form:
Space Fence
this entity surface form:
Space Fence Program
Space Fence space surveillance system
→
partOf
→
Space Fence space surveillance system
self-linksurface differs
ⓘ
subject surface form:
Space Fence
this entity surface form:
U.S. Space Surveillance Network