Haber–Bosch process

E760454

The Haber–Bosch process is an industrial chemical method for synthesizing ammonia from nitrogen and hydrogen, enabling large-scale fertilizer production and revolutionizing global agriculture.

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Statements (49)

Predicate Object
instanceOf ammonia synthesis process
chemical process
industrial process
associatedWithAward Nobel Prize in Chemistry for Carl Bosch NERFINISHED
Nobel Prize in Chemistry for Fritz Haber NERFINISHED
competesWith biological nitrogen fixation
contributesTo anthropogenic nitrogen cycle alteration
greenhouse gas emissions
developedBy Carl Bosch NERFINISHED
Fritz Haber NERFINISHED
developedIn early 20th century
developedInCountry Germany NERFINISHED
enables large-scale ammonia production
large-scale fertilizer production
estimatedShareOfHumanNitrogenFixation >90 percent
hasApplication explosives production
nitrogen fertilizer production
hasChemicalEquation N2 + 3 H2 ⇌ 2 NH3
hasDownside environmental pollution from reactive nitrogen
high energy consumption
hasImpactOn global agriculture
global food production
hasProcessType heterogeneous catalysis
industrializedBy BASF NERFINISHED
isBasedOn nitrogen fixation
isConsidered one of the most important industrial inventions of the 20th century
isEquilibriumReaction true
isExothermic true
isKeyTechnologyIn 20th-century industrial chemistry
namedAfter Carl Bosch NERFINISHED
Fritz Haber NERFINISHED
operatesAtHigh pressure
temperature
operatingPressureRange typically 100–300 bar
operatingTemperatureRange typically 400–500 °C
produces ammonia
requires energy-intensive conditions
high-pressure reactors
supports synthetic fertilizer industry
typeOfNitrogenFixation industrial nitrogen fixation
usesCatalyst iron catalyst
usesFeedstock natural gas
steam-reformed methane
usesPromoter aluminum oxide
potassium oxide
usesReactant hydrogen
nitrogen
usesRecycle unreacted nitrogen and hydrogen
usesSeparationStep ammonia condensation

Referenced by (2)

Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.

Fritz Haber knownFor Haber–Bosch process
Carl Bosch notableWork Haber–Bosch process