Ways and Means

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Ways and Means is a short economic and political treatise by Xenophon that proposes practical financial and administrative reforms to strengthen Athens.

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Statements (45)

Predicate Object
instanceOf economic treatise
political treatise
treatise
addresses Athenian Assembly (Ekklesia)
surface form: Athenian Assembly
aimsTo improve economic prosperity of Athens
increase public revenue without new taxes
author Xenophon
concernedWith peace-time economy
contrastsWith war-based revenue
countryOfOrigin Classical Athens
discusses Mint of Athens
surface form: Laurion silver mines

attracting foreign merchants
commercial policy
harbor revenues
metoikoi (resident foreigners)
state-owned slaves in the silver mines
focusesOn strengthening Athens
genre political economy
political theory
hasTheme economic self-sufficiency of the polis
efficient public administration
non-coercive revenue generation
historicalPeriodDescribed Classical Greece
influencedBy Athenian imperial experience
literaryForm short prose treatise
mainSubject Athenian economic policy
Athenian public finance
administrative reform
public revenue
state finance
originalLanguage Ancient Greek
originalTitle Poroi
philosophicalTradition classical Greek political thought
proposes developing Athens as a commercial center
encouraging immigration of skilled foreigners
improving port facilities at Piraeus
practical administrative reforms
practical financial reforms
state management of certain economic activities
relatedWork Hellenica
Oeconomicus
setting Athens
timeOfComposition 4th century BCE
tone practical
workOf Xenophon

Referenced by (1)

Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.

Xenophon notableWork Ways and Means