Antarctic ozone hole
E729843
The Antarctic ozone hole is a region of severely depleted ozone in the stratosphere above Antarctica that forms each spring due to chemical reactions involving human-made pollutants like chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs).
Statements (49)
| Predicate | Object |
|---|---|
| instanceOf |
atmospheric phenomenon
ⓘ
ozone depletion region ⓘ |
| affects |
southern high-latitude ecosystems
ⓘ
ultraviolet radiation levels over Antarctica ⓘ |
| causedBy |
CFCs
NERFINISHED
ⓘ
chlorofluorocarbons ⓘ halons ⓘ human-made pollutants ⓘ other ozone-depleting substances ⓘ |
| dependsOn |
Antarctic polar vortex
ⓘ
very low stratospheric temperatures ⓘ |
| discoveredIn | 1980s ⓘ |
| expectedRecovery | mid-21st century or later ⓘ |
| firstMajorPublicationYear | 1985 ⓘ |
| firstReportedBy | British Antarctic Survey NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| hasArea | up to about 25 million square kilometers ⓘ |
| hasCause |
catalytic destruction of ozone by bromine radicals
ⓘ
catalytic destruction of ozone by chlorine radicals ⓘ |
| hasConsequence |
increased risk of eye damage from UV exposure
ⓘ
increased risk of skin cancer from UV exposure ⓘ |
| hasMechanism |
activation of chlorine from reservoir species
ⓘ
formation of polar stratospheric clouds ⓘ heterogeneous chemistry on polar stratospheric cloud particles ⓘ springtime sunlight-driven photochemistry ⓘ |
| hasPart | severely depleted ozone layer ⓘ |
| hasPeakExtentMonth |
October
ⓘ
September ⓘ |
| hasProperty |
enhanced ultraviolet radiation at surface
ⓘ
recurring annually ⓘ seasonal ⓘ severe ozone depletion ⓘ |
| locatedAbove | Antarctic continent NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| locatedIn | stratosphere ⓘ |
| location | Antarctica NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| measuredInUnits | Dobson Units ⓘ |
| mitigatedBy |
Montreal Protocol
NERFINISHED
ⓘ
phase-out of CFCs ⓘ |
| observedBy |
balloon-borne instruments
ⓘ
ground-based Dobson spectrophotometers ⓘ satellite instruments ⓘ |
| occursInMonth |
October
ⓘ
September ⓘ early November ⓘ |
| occursInSeason | austral spring ⓘ |
| relatedTo |
Arctic ozone depletion
ⓘ
global ozone depletion ⓘ |
| trend | signs of gradual recovery in early 21st century ⓘ |
| typicalMinimumOzoneColumn | less than 100 Dobson Units ⓘ |
| typicalUndisturbedOzoneColumn | about 300 Dobson Units ⓘ |
Referenced by (1)
Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.