Naegleria fowleri
E728806
Naegleria fowleri is a free-living, thermophilic amoeba known for causing rare but often fatal brain infections in humans, commonly called "brain-eating amoeba" disease.
All labels observed (1)
| Label | Occurrences |
|---|---|
| Naegleria fowleri canonical | 1 |
How this entity was disambiguated
This entity first appeared as the object of triple T8357297 — resolving that mention is where its identity was fixed. The disambiguator weighed these candidate entities and picked the highlighted one (or “None”, minting a new entity). This is how homonymy is resolved: the same surface form can point to different entities.
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Naegleria fowleri Context triple: [Excavata, includesTaxon, Naegleria fowleri]
-
A.
Dracunculus medinensis
Dracunculus medinensis is a parasitic nematode that causes Guinea worm disease, a debilitating infection historically transmitted through contaminated drinking water.
-
B.
Borella
Borella is a prominent residential and commercial suburb within Colombo, Sri Lanka, known for its central location and diverse urban character.
-
C.
Neesiella
Neesiella is a genus of fungi classified within the order Xenospadicoidales.
-
D.
Ophiocordyceps
Ophiocordyceps is a genus of parasitic fungi best known for infecting and behaviorally manipulating insects, often called “zombie-ant” fungi.
-
E.
Pyrodinium bahamense
Pyrodinium bahamense is a bioluminescent marine dinoflagellate known for producing the glowing waters seen in places like Mosquito Bay.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Naegleria fowleri Target entity description: Naegleria fowleri is a free-living, thermophilic amoeba known for causing rare but often fatal brain infections in humans, commonly called "brain-eating amoeba" disease.
-
A.
Dracunculus medinensis
Dracunculus medinensis is a parasitic nematode that causes Guinea worm disease, a debilitating infection historically transmitted through contaminated drinking water.
-
B.
Borella
Borella is a prominent residential and commercial suburb within Colombo, Sri Lanka, known for its central location and diverse urban character.
-
C.
Neesiella
Neesiella is a genus of fungi classified within the order Xenospadicoidales.
-
D.
Ophiocordyceps
Ophiocordyceps is a genus of parasitic fungi best known for infecting and behaviorally manipulating insects, often called “zombie-ant” fungi.
-
E.
Trichomonas
Trichomonas is a genus of flagellated protozoan parasites, best known for species that infect the urogenital and digestive tracts of humans and other animals.
- F. None of above. chosen
Statements (83)
| Predicate | Object |
|---|---|
| instanceOf |
free-living amoeba
ⓘ
species of amoeboflagellate protist ⓘ thermophilic organism ⓘ |
| abbreviation | PAM ⓘ |
| biosafetyLevel | BSL-2 or higher in laboratory handling ⓘ |
| canSurviveTemperatureUpTo | 46 °C ⓘ |
| caseFatalityRate | over 95 percent ⓘ |
| causes | primary amoebic meningoencephalitis ⓘ |
| cellType | unicellular ⓘ |
| class | Heterolobosea NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| commonName | brain-eating amoeba ⓘ |
| diagnosisMethod |
PCR testing of cerebrospinal fluid
ⓘ
microscopic examination of cerebrospinal fluid ⓘ |
| discoveredBy | Malcolm Fowler NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| diseaseCourse | rapidly progressive ⓘ |
| diseaseDuration | usually 3 to 7 days after symptom onset ⓘ |
| diseaseOnset | acute ⓘ |
| domain |
Eukarya
ⓘ
surface form:
Eukaryota
|
| earlySymptoms |
fever
ⓘ
headache ⓘ nausea ⓘ vomiting ⓘ |
| family | Vahlkampfiidae NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| feedingType | phagocytosis of bacteria ⓘ |
| genus | Naegleria NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| geographicDistribution | worldwide in suitable warm freshwater environments ⓘ |
| habitat |
geothermal water
ⓘ
hot springs ⓘ lakes ⓘ poorly chlorinated swimming pools ⓘ rivers ⓘ soil ⓘ warm freshwater ⓘ water heaters ⓘ |
| incubationPeriod | 1 to 9 days ⓘ |
| infectiveStage | trophozoite ⓘ |
| infects |
humans
ⓘ
other mammals ⓘ |
| laterSymptoms |
coma
ⓘ
confusion ⓘ seizures ⓘ stiff neck ⓘ |
| lifeCycleStage |
cyst
ⓘ
flagellate ⓘ trophozoite ⓘ |
| mostCasesReportedIn |
Australia
NERFINISHED
ⓘ
India NERFINISHED ⓘ Pakistan NERFINISHED ⓘ United States NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| motilityType |
amoeboid movement
ⓘ
flagellar movement ⓘ |
| namedAfter | Malcolm Fowler NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| notTransmittedBy |
drinking contaminated water
ⓘ
person-to-person contact ⓘ |
| optimalGrowthTemperature | 42 °C ⓘ |
| order | Schizopyrenida NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| oxygenRequirement | aerobic ⓘ |
| pathogenicMechanism |
destruction of brain tissue
ⓘ
induction of inflammation in the central nervous system ⓘ |
| phylum | Percolozoa NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| portalOfEntry |
nasal cavity
ⓘ
olfactory neuroepithelium ⓘ |
| preventionMethod |
avoiding warm freshwater entering the nose
ⓘ
proper chlorination of swimming pools ⓘ using nose clips in warm freshwater ⓘ |
| primaryInfectionSite |
brain
ⓘ
central nervous system ⓘ |
| reproduction | asexual reproduction ⓘ |
| reproductionMode | binary fission ⓘ |
| riskFactor |
swimming or diving in warm freshwater
ⓘ
use of untreated tap water for nasal irrigation ⓘ |
| riskGroup |
children
ⓘ
young adults ⓘ |
| sensitiveTo | amphotericin B in vitro ⓘ |
| taxonRank | species ⓘ |
| temperaturePreference | thermophilic ⓘ |
| transmissionRoute | inhalation of contaminated water through the nose ⓘ |
| treatmentOption |
amphotericin B
NERFINISHED
ⓘ
azithromycin ⓘ fluconazole NERFINISHED ⓘ miltefosine ⓘ rifampin NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| yearDescribed | 1965 ⓘ |
How these facts were elicited
The pipeline generated the facts above by prompting gpt-5.1 with this entity's name + description and the instruction below.
Instruction
You are a knowledge base construction expert. Given a subject entity and a description of it, return factual statements that you know for the subject as a JSON list of dictionaries(triples), where keys must be "subject", "predicate" and "object". The number of facts may be very high, between 25 to 50 or more, for very popular subjects. For less popular subjects, the number of facts can be very low, like 5 or 10. # Requirements - If you don't know the subject at all, return an empty list. - If the subject is not a named entity, return an empty list. - Include at least one triple where predicate is "instanceOf". - Do not get too wordy. - Separate several objects into multiple triples with one object.
Input
Subject: Naegleria fowleri Description of subject: Naegleria fowleri is a free-living, thermophilic amoeba known for causing rare but often fatal brain infections in humans, commonly called "brain-eating amoeba" disease.
Referenced by (1)
Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.