Proteobacteria
E727687
Proteobacteria is a major and highly diverse phylum of Gram-negative bacteria that includes many medically, ecologically, and industrially important species such as Escherichia coli, Salmonella, and Vibrio.
All labels observed (2)
| Label | Occurrences |
|---|---|
| Pseudomonadota | 8 |
| Proteobacteria canonical | 2 |
How this entity was disambiguated
This entity first appeared as the object of triple T8357176 — resolving that mention is where its identity was fixed. The disambiguator weighed these candidate entities and picked the highlighted one (or “None”, minting a new entity). This is how homonymy is resolved: the same surface form can point to different entities.
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Proteobacteria Context triple: [Campylobacterota, reclassifiedFrom, Proteobacteria]
-
A.
Gammaproteobacteria
Gammaproteobacteria is a major and diverse class of Gram-negative bacteria that includes many medically and ecologically important genera, such as Vibrio, Escherichia, and Pseudomonas.
-
B.
Campylobacterota
Campylobacterota is a phylum of Gram-negative, often spiral-shaped bacteria that includes several important gastrointestinal pathogens affecting humans and animals.
-
C.
Corynebacteriales
Corynebacteriales is an order of Gram-positive bacteria that includes medically important genera such as Mycobacterium and Corynebacterium, some of which cause serious human diseases.
-
D.
Actinobacteria
Actinobacteria is a major phylum of Gram-positive bacteria with high G+C content that includes many soil-dwelling species as well as important pathogens and antibiotic producers.
-
E.
Bacillales
Bacillales is an order of Gram-positive, rod-shaped bacteria that includes medically and environmentally important genera such as Bacillus and Staphylococcus.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Proteobacteria Target entity description: Proteobacteria is a major and highly diverse phylum of Gram-negative bacteria that includes many medically, ecologically, and industrially important species such as Escherichia coli, Salmonella, and Vibrio.
-
A.
Gammaproteobacteria
Gammaproteobacteria is a major and diverse class of Gram-negative bacteria that includes many medically and ecologically important genera, such as Vibrio, Escherichia, and Pseudomonas.
-
B.
Campylobacterota
Campylobacterota is a phylum of Gram-negative, often spiral-shaped bacteria that includes several important gastrointestinal pathogens affecting humans and animals.
-
C.
Corynebacteriales
Corynebacteriales is an order of Gram-positive bacteria that includes medically important genera such as Mycobacterium and Corynebacterium, some of which cause serious human diseases.
-
D.
Actinobacteria
Actinobacteria is a major phylum of Gram-positive bacteria with high G+C content that includes many soil-dwelling species as well as important pathogens and antibiotic producers.
-
E.
Bacillales
Bacillales is an order of Gram-positive, rod-shaped bacteria that includes medically and environmentally important genera such as Bacillus and Staphylococcus.
- F. None of above. chosen
Statements (351)
| Predicate | Object |
|---|---|
| instanceOf | bacterial phylum ⓘ |
| cellShape |
coccoid
ⓘ
rod-shaped ⓘ spiral ⓘ |
| cellWallType | outer membrane containing lipopolysaccharide ⓘ |
| characteristic |
high phylogenetic diversity
ⓘ
includes many ecologically important bacteria ⓘ includes many industrially important bacteria ⓘ includes many medically important bacteria ⓘ |
| containsClass |
Alphaproteobacteria
ⓘ
Betaproteobacteria NERFINISHED ⓘ Deltaproteobacteria NERFINISHED ⓘ Epsilonproteobacteria NERFINISHED ⓘ Gammaproteobacteria NERFINISHED ⓘ Oligoflexia NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| discoveredBy | Carl Woese NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| domain | Bacteria NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| genomeType | circular double-stranded DNA ⓘ |
| gramStain | Gram-negative ⓘ |
| habitat |
animal hosts
ⓘ
freshwater ⓘ marine environments ⓘ plant hosts ⓘ soil ⓘ |
| includesBioluminescentBacteria | yes ⓘ |
| includesEndosymbiontsOf | arthropods ⓘ |
| includesEntericBacteria | yes ⓘ |
| includesMethanotrophs | yes ⓘ |
| includesNitrifyingBacteria | yes ⓘ |
| includesNitrogenFixingBacteria | yes ⓘ |
| includesPathogensOf |
animals
ⓘ
humans ⓘ plants ⓘ |
| includesPurpleNonsulfurBacteria | yes ⓘ |
| includesPurpleSulfurBacteria | yes ⓘ |
| includesSpecies |
Acetobacter aceti
NERFINISHED
ⓘ
Acetobacter aceti NBRC 14818 NERFINISHED ⓘ Acetobacter pasteurianus NERFINISHED ⓘ Acetobacter pasteurianus IFO 3283 NERFINISHED ⓘ Acidithiobacillus caldus NERFINISHED ⓘ Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans NERFINISHED ⓘ Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans ATCC 23270 NERFINISHED ⓘ Acidithiobacillus thiooxidans NERFINISHED ⓘ Acidithiobacillus thiooxidans ATCC 19377 NERFINISHED ⓘ Acinetobacter baumannii NERFINISHED ⓘ Acinetobacter johnsonii NERFINISHED ⓘ Acinetobacter lwoffii NERFINISHED ⓘ Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans NERFINISHED ⓘ Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae NERFINISHED ⓘ Actinobacillus suis NERFINISHED ⓘ Aeromonas hydrophila NERFINISHED ⓘ Agrobacterium radiobacter NERFINISHED ⓘ Agrobacterium rhizogenes NERFINISHED ⓘ Agrobacterium tumefaciens NERFINISHED ⓘ Agrobacterium vitis NERFINISHED ⓘ Alcaligenes eutrophus NERFINISHED ⓘ Alcaligenes faecalis NERFINISHED ⓘ Alcanivorax borkumensis NERFINISHED ⓘ Allochromatium vinosum NERFINISHED ⓘ Alteromonas macleodii NERFINISHED ⓘ Anaplasma marginale NERFINISHED ⓘ Anaplasma phagocytophilum NERFINISHED ⓘ Arcobacter butzleri NERFINISHED ⓘ Asticcacaulis excentricus NERFINISHED ⓘ Azoarcus sp. BH72 NERFINISHED ⓘ Azoarcus tolulyticus NERFINISHED ⓘ Azospirillum brasilense NERFINISHED ⓘ Azospirillum brasilense Sp7 NERFINISHED ⓘ Azospirillum lipoferum NERFINISHED ⓘ Azospirillum lipoferum Sp59 NERFINISHED ⓘ Azotobacter vinelandii NERFINISHED ⓘ Bdellovibrio bacteriovorus NERFINISHED ⓘ Bdellovibrio stolpii NERFINISHED ⓘ Beggiatoa alba NERFINISHED ⓘ Beggiatoa sp. NERFINISHED ⓘ Bordetella avium NERFINISHED ⓘ Bordetella bronchiseptica NERFINISHED ⓘ Bordetella hinzii NERFINISHED ⓘ Bordetella parapertussis NERFINISHED ⓘ Bordetella pertussis NERFINISHED ⓘ Bradyrhizobium elkanii NERFINISHED ⓘ Bradyrhizobium japonicum NERFINISHED ⓘ Brucella abortus NERFINISHED ⓘ Burkholderia cenocepacia NERFINISHED ⓘ Burkholderia cepacia NERFINISHED ⓘ Burkholderia mallei NERFINISHED ⓘ Burkholderia pseudomallei NERFINISHED ⓘ Burkholderia thailandensis NERFINISHED ⓘ Burkholderia vietnamiensis NERFINISHED ⓘ Burkholderia xenovorans NERFINISHED ⓘ Campylobacter coli NERFINISHED ⓘ Campylobacter jejuni NERFINISHED ⓘ Campylobacter lari NERFINISHED ⓘ Caulobacter crescentus NERFINISHED ⓘ Caulobacter henricii NERFINISHED ⓘ Caulobacter segnis NERFINISHED ⓘ Caulobacter vibrioides NERFINISHED ⓘ Chromatium okenii NERFINISHED ⓘ Citrobacter freundii NERFINISHED ⓘ Citrobacter koseri NERFINISHED ⓘ Colwellia psychrerythraea NERFINISHED ⓘ Comamonas acidovorans NERFINISHED ⓘ Comamonas testosteroni NERFINISHED ⓘ Coxiella burnetii NERFINISHED ⓘ Coxiella burnetii RSA 493 ⓘ Cupriavidus metallidurans NERFINISHED ⓘ Cupriavidus necator NERFINISHED ⓘ Desulfobacter postgatei NERFINISHED ⓘ Desulfotalea psychrophila NERFINISHED ⓘ Desulfovibrio vulgaris NERFINISHED ⓘ Ectothiorhodospira haloalkaliphila NERFINISHED ⓘ Ehrlichia canis NERFINISHED ⓘ Ehrlichia chaffeensis NERFINISHED ⓘ Enterobacter aerogenes NERFINISHED ⓘ Enterobacter cloacae NERFINISHED ⓘ Erwinia amylovora NERFINISHED ⓘ Escherichia coli NERFINISHED ⓘ Escherichia coli B NERFINISHED ⓘ Escherichia coli C NERFINISHED ⓘ Escherichia coli K-12 NERFINISHED ⓘ Escherichia coli O157:H7 NERFINISHED ⓘ Escherichia coli W NERFINISHED ⓘ Francisella tularensis NERFINISHED ⓘ Gallionella capsiferriformans NERFINISHED ⓘ Gallionella ferruginea NERFINISHED ⓘ Geobacter sulfurreducens NERFINISHED ⓘ Gluconobacter oxydans NERFINISHED ⓘ Gluconobacter oxydans 621H NERFINISHED ⓘ Haemophilus ducreyi NERFINISHED ⓘ Haemophilus haemolyticus NERFINISHED ⓘ Haemophilus influenzae NERFINISHED ⓘ Haemophilus parainfluenzae NERFINISHED ⓘ Hahella chejuensis NERFINISHED ⓘ Halorhodospira halophila NERFINISHED ⓘ Helicobacter felis NERFINISHED ⓘ Helicobacter hepaticus NERFINISHED ⓘ Helicobacter mustelae NERFINISHED ⓘ Helicobacter pylori NERFINISHED ⓘ Hydrogenovibrio marinus NERFINISHED ⓘ Hyphomonas neptunium NERFINISHED ⓘ Idiomarina loihiensis NERFINISHED ⓘ Klebsiella oxytoca NERFINISHED ⓘ Klebsiella pneumoniae NERFINISHED ⓘ Lawsonia intracellularis NERFINISHED ⓘ Legionella anisa NERFINISHED ⓘ Legionella bozemanii NERFINISHED ⓘ Legionella dumoffii NERFINISHED ⓘ Legionella feeleii NERFINISHED ⓘ Legionella jordanis NERFINISHED ⓘ Legionella longbeachae NERFINISHED ⓘ Legionella micdadei NERFINISHED ⓘ Legionella pneumophila NERFINISHED ⓘ Legionella pneumophila Philadelphia-1 NERFINISHED ⓘ Leptothrix cholodnii NERFINISHED ⓘ Leptothrix discophora NERFINISHED ⓘ Magnetospirillum gryphiswaldense NERFINISHED ⓘ Magnetospirillum magneticum NERFINISHED ⓘ Magnetospirillum magnetotacticum NERFINISHED ⓘ Mannheimia glucosida NERFINISHED ⓘ Mannheimia haemolytica NERFINISHED ⓘ Marinobacter hydrocarbonoclasticus NERFINISHED ⓘ Mesorhizobium ciceri NERFINISHED ⓘ Mesorhizobium loti NERFINISHED ⓘ Mesorhizobium mediterraneum NERFINISHED ⓘ Methylobacterium extorquens NERFINISHED ⓘ Methylobacterium extorquens AM1 NERFINISHED ⓘ Methylobacterium nodulans NERFINISHED ⓘ Methylobacterium nodulans ORS 2060 NERFINISHED ⓘ Methylococcus capsulatus NERFINISHED ⓘ Methylococcus capsulatus Bath NERFINISHED ⓘ Methylocystis parvus NERFINISHED ⓘ Methylocystis parvus OBBP NERFINISHED ⓘ Methylomicrobium album NERFINISHED ⓘ Methylomicrobium album BG8 NERFINISHED ⓘ Methylomonas methanica NERFINISHED ⓘ Methylomonas methanica S1 NERFINISHED ⓘ Methylophaga marina NERFINISHED ⓘ Methylophaga marina DSM 5687 NERFINISHED ⓘ Methylophilus methylotrophus NERFINISHED ⓘ Methylophilus methylotrophus AS1 NERFINISHED ⓘ Methylosinus trichosporium NERFINISHED ⓘ Methylosinus trichosporium OB3b NERFINISHED ⓘ Moraxella catarrhalis NERFINISHED ⓘ Moraxella osloensis NERFINISHED ⓘ Morganella morganii NERFINISHED ⓘ Myxococcus fulvus NERFINISHED ⓘ Myxococcus xanthus NERFINISHED ⓘ Neisseria gonorrhoeae NERFINISHED ⓘ Neisseria lactamica NERFINISHED ⓘ Neisseria meningitidis NERFINISHED ⓘ Neisseria sicca NERFINISHED ⓘ Neisseria subflava NERFINISHED ⓘ Nitratiruptor tergarcus NERFINISHED ⓘ Nitrobacter winogradskyi NERFINISHED ⓘ Nitrosococcus halophilus NERFINISHED ⓘ Nitrosococcus halophilus Nc4 ⓘ Nitrosococcus oceani NERFINISHED ⓘ Nitrosococcus oceani ATCC 19707 NERFINISHED ⓘ Nitrosomonas communis NERFINISHED ⓘ Nitrosomonas europaea NERFINISHED ⓘ Nitrosomonas eutropha NERFINISHED ⓘ Nitrosomonas oligotropha NERFINISHED ⓘ Nitrosomonas ureae NERFINISHED ⓘ Nitrosospira briensis NERFINISHED ⓘ Nitrosospira multiformis NERFINISHED ⓘ Nitrosospira multiformis ATCC 25196 NERFINISHED ⓘ Nitrosospira tenuis NERFINISHED ⓘ Oceanospirillum linum NERFINISHED ⓘ Pasteurella haemolytica NERFINISHED ⓘ Pasteurella multocida NERFINISHED ⓘ Pasteurella pneumotropica NERFINISHED ⓘ Pelagibacter ubique NERFINISHED ⓘ Pelagibacter ubique HTCC1002 NERFINISHED ⓘ Pelagibacter ubique HTCC1002.1 NERFINISHED ⓘ Pelagibacter ubique HTCC1062 NERFINISHED ⓘ Pelagibacter ubique HTCC1062.1 NERFINISHED ⓘ Pelagibacter ubique HTCC7211 NERFINISHED ⓘ Pelagibacter ubique HTCC7211.1 NERFINISHED ⓘ Pelagibacter ubique HTCC8010 NERFINISHED ⓘ Pelagibacter ubique HTCC9022 NERFINISHED ⓘ Pelagibacter ubique HTCC9565 NERFINISHED ⓘ Pelagibacter ubique SAR11 NERFINISHED ⓘ Pelagibacter ubique SAR11 clade NERFINISHED ⓘ Photobacterium damselae NERFINISHED ⓘ Photobacterium phosphoreum NERFINISHED ⓘ Photobacterium profundum NERFINISHED ⓘ Proteus mirabilis NERFINISHED ⓘ Proteus vulgaris NERFINISHED ⓘ Providencia rettgeri NERFINISHED ⓘ Providencia stuartii NERFINISHED ⓘ Pseudomonas aeruginosa NERFINISHED ⓘ Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1 NERFINISHED ⓘ Pseudomonas chlororaphis NERFINISHED ⓘ Pseudomonas citronellolis NERFINISHED ⓘ Pseudomonas denitrificans NERFINISHED ⓘ Pseudomonas fluorescens NERFINISHED ⓘ Pseudomonas fragi NERFINISHED ⓘ Pseudomonas mendocina NERFINISHED ⓘ Pseudomonas pseudoalcaligenes NERFINISHED ⓘ Pseudomonas putida NERFINISHED ⓘ Pseudomonas resinovorans NERFINISHED ⓘ Pseudomonas stutzeri NERFINISHED ⓘ Pseudomonas syringae NERFINISHED ⓘ Psychromonas ingrahamii NERFINISHED ⓘ Ralstonia pickettii NERFINISHED ⓘ Ralstonia solanacearum NERFINISHED ⓘ Rhizobium etli NERFINISHED ⓘ Rhizobium leguminosarum NERFINISHED ⓘ Rhizobium tropici NERFINISHED ⓘ Rhodobacter capsulatus NERFINISHED ⓘ Rhodobacter capsulatus SB1003 NERFINISHED ⓘ Rhodobacter sphaeroides NERFINISHED ⓘ Rhodobacter sphaeroides 2.4.1 NERFINISHED ⓘ Rhodocyclus purpureus NERFINISHED ⓘ Rhodocyclus tenuis NERFINISHED ⓘ Rhodospirillum centenum NERFINISHED ⓘ Rhodospirillum photometricum NERFINISHED ⓘ Rhodospirillum rubrum NERFINISHED ⓘ Rhodospirillum rubrum S1 NERFINISHED ⓘ Rickettsia africae NERFINISHED ⓘ Rickettsia akari NERFINISHED ⓘ Rickettsia conorii NERFINISHED ⓘ Rickettsia prowazekii NERFINISHED ⓘ Rickettsia rickettsii ⓘ Rickettsia rickettsii Sheila Smith ⓘ Rickettsia typhi NERFINISHED ⓘ Roseobacter denitrificans NERFINISHED ⓘ Roseobacter denitrificans OCh114 NERFINISHED ⓘ Roseobacter litoralis NERFINISHED ⓘ Salmonella Typhi NERFINISHED ⓘ Salmonella enterica NERFINISHED ⓘ Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis NERFINISHED ⓘ Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium NERFINISHED ⓘ Serratia marcescens NERFINISHED ⓘ Shewanella oneidensis NERFINISHED ⓘ Shigella flexneri NERFINISHED ⓘ Sideroxydans lithotrophicus NERFINISHED ⓘ Sideroxydans paludicola NERFINISHED ⓘ Sinorhizobium fredii NERFINISHED ⓘ Sinorhizobium meliloti NERFINISHED ⓘ Sphingomonas paucimobilis NERFINISHED ⓘ Stigmatella aurantiaca NERFINISHED ⓘ Sulfurimonas autotrophica NERFINISHED ⓘ Sulfurimonas denitrificans NERFINISHED ⓘ Sulfurovum lithotrophicum NERFINISHED ⓘ Sulfurovum sp. NBC37-1 ⓘ Thauera aromatica NERFINISHED ⓘ Thauera mechernichensis NERFINISHED ⓘ Thioalkalivibrio versutus NERFINISHED ⓘ Thiobacillus denitrificans NERFINISHED ⓘ Thiobacillus denitrificans ATCC 25259 NERFINISHED ⓘ Thiobacillus thioparus NERFINISHED ⓘ Thiocapsa roseopersicina NERFINISHED ⓘ Thiocystis violascens NERFINISHED ⓘ Thiodictyon syntrophicum NERFINISHED ⓘ Thiomargarita namibiensis NERFINISHED ⓘ Thiomicrospira crunogena NERFINISHED ⓘ Thiomicrospira pelophila NERFINISHED ⓘ Vibrio aestuarianus NERFINISHED ⓘ Vibrio alginolyticus NERFINISHED ⓘ Vibrio anguillarum NERFINISHED ⓘ Vibrio anguillarum 775 NERFINISHED ⓘ Vibrio campbellii NERFINISHED ⓘ Vibrio cholerae NERFINISHED ⓘ Vibrio cholerae O1 El Tor NERFINISHED ⓘ Vibrio cholerae O139 NERFINISHED ⓘ Vibrio fischeri NERFINISHED ⓘ Vibrio harveyi NERFINISHED ⓘ Vibrio natriegens NERFINISHED ⓘ Vibrio ordalii NERFINISHED ⓘ Vibrio parahaemolyticus NERFINISHED ⓘ Vibrio parahaemolyticus RIMD 2210633 NERFINISHED ⓘ Vibrio salmonicida NERFINISHED ⓘ Vibrio splendidus NERFINISHED ⓘ Vibrio tapetis NERFINISHED ⓘ Vibrio vulnificus NERFINISHED ⓘ Vibrio vulnificus CMCP6 NERFINISHED ⓘ Wolbachia endosymbiont of Drosophila melanogaster NERFINISHED ⓘ Wolbachia pipientis NERFINISHED ⓘ Wolbachia sp. wMel NERFINISHED ⓘ Wolinella succinogenes NERFINISHED ⓘ Xanthomonas campestris NERFINISHED ⓘ Yersinia enterocolitica NERFINISHED ⓘ Yersinia pestis NERFINISHED ⓘ Yersinia pseudotuberculosis NERFINISHED ⓘ Zymomonas mobilis NERFINISHED ⓘ Zymomonas mobilis ZM1 NERFINISHED ⓘ Zymomonas mobilis ZM4 NERFINISHED ⓘ Zymomonas mobilis ZM6 NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| includesSulfurOxidizingBacteria | yes ⓘ |
| includesSymbiontsOf |
insects
ⓘ
plants ⓘ |
| metabolism |
chemolithotrophic
ⓘ
chemoorganotrophic ⓘ phototrophic ⓘ |
| motility | flagella ⓘ |
| namedAfter | Greek god Proteus NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| outerMembraneComponent | lipopolysaccharide ⓘ |
| oxygenRequirement |
aerobic
ⓘ
anaerobic ⓘ facultatively anaerobic ⓘ |
| phylogeneticBasis | 16S rRNA gene sequences ⓘ |
| previousName | purple bacteria and their relatives ⓘ |
| reproduction | binary fission ⓘ |
| roleInEcosystem |
carbon cycle
ⓘ
iron cycle ⓘ nitrogen cycle ⓘ sulfur cycle ⓘ |
| taxonRank | phylum ⓘ |
| typeSpecies | Escherichia coli NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| yearProposed | 1987 ⓘ |
How these facts were elicited
The pipeline generated the facts above by prompting gpt-5.1 with this entity's name + description and the instruction below.
Instruction
You are a knowledge base construction expert. Given a subject entity and a description of it, return factual statements that you know for the subject as a JSON list of dictionaries(triples), where keys must be "subject", "predicate" and "object". The number of facts may be very high, between 25 to 50 or more, for very popular subjects. For less popular subjects, the number of facts can be very low, like 5 or 10. # Requirements - If you don't know the subject at all, return an empty list. - If the subject is not a named entity, return an empty list. - Include at least one triple where predicate is "instanceOf". - Do not get too wordy. - Separate several objects into multiple triples with one object.
Input
Subject: Proteobacteria Description of subject: Proteobacteria is a major and highly diverse phylum of Gram-negative bacteria that includes many medically, ecologically, and industrially important species such as Escherichia coli, Salmonella, and Vibrio.
Referenced by (10)
Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.
subject surface form:
Rhizobium
this entity surface form:
Pseudomonadota
subject surface form:
Bradyrhizobium
this entity surface form:
Pseudomonadota
this entity surface form:
Pseudomonadota
this entity surface form:
Pseudomonadota
subject surface form:
Legionella
this entity surface form:
Pseudomonadota
this entity surface form:
Pseudomonadota