British New Towns movement
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The British New Towns movement was a mid-20th-century UK urban planning initiative that created planned towns to relieve overcrowded cities and promote balanced regional development.
Aliases (5)
Statements (69)
| Predicate | Object |
|---|---|
| instanceOf |
town planning policy
→
urban planning movement → |
| appliesToJurisdiction |
England
→
Scotland → Wales → |
| characteristic |
integration of green spaces
→
neighbourhood-based community planning → provision of local employment → separation of pedestrians and vehicles → state-planned settlements → zoned land uses → |
| country |
United Kingdom
→
|
| endTime |
late 20th century
→
|
| hasEffect |
creation of designated new towns
→
creation of new employment centres → creation of pedestrianised town centres → development of neighbourhood units → expansion of suburban and exurban areas → green belts around major cities → large-scale public housing construction → planned road networks and segregated traffic systems → population dispersal from London → population dispersal from other major cities → state-led land acquisition → |
| hasPart |
first generation new towns
→
second generation new towns → third generation new towns → |
| implementedBy |
Ministry of Town and Country Planning
→
Scottish Office → UK central government → Welsh Office → development corporations → |
| inceptionBasedOn |
New Towns Act 1946
→
New Towns Act 1949 → New Towns Act 1959 → New Towns Act 1965 → New Towns Act 1981 → |
| influencedBy |
Garden City movement
→
ideas of Ebenezer Howard → |
| legacy |
influence on later planned communities in the UK
→
ongoing management of former new towns → |
| mainObjective |
balanced regional development
→
decentralisation of population and industry → improvement of housing conditions → planned urban growth → relief of overcrowding in large cities → |
| notableExample |
Basildon
NERFINISHED
→
Craigavon → Cumbernauld → East Kilbride → Glenrothes → Harlow → Livingston → Milton Keynes → Peterlee → Redditch → Runcorn → Skelmersdale → Stevenage → Telford → Washington, Tyne and Wear → |
| policyArea |
economic development
→
housing policy → land use planning → regional planning → transport planning → |
| startTime |
1946
→
|
| timePeriod |
mid-20th century
→
post-World War II era → |
Referenced by (7)
| Subject (surface form when different) | Predicate |
|---|---|
|
Ebenezer Howard
("new towns movement")
→
Garden city movement → Garden city movement ("New Towns in the United Kingdom") → Letchworth Garden City ("British new towns movement") → Radburn planning principles ("New Towns movement") → Raymond Unwin → |
influenced |
|
Scottish new towns programme
("United Kingdom new towns movement")
→
|
partOf |