Public Law 97-414
E642118
Public Law 97-414 is the U.S. federal statute commonly known as the Orphan Drug Act of 1983, which incentivizes the development of treatments for rare diseases through benefits such as market exclusivity and tax credits.
All labels observed (1)
| Label | Occurrences |
|---|---|
| Public Law 97-414 canonical | 1 |
How this entity was disambiguated
This entity first appeared as the object of triple T7110925 — resolving that mention is where its identity was fixed. The disambiguator weighed these candidate entities and picked the highlighted one (or “None”, minting a new entity). This is how homonymy is resolved: the same surface form can point to different entities.
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Public Law 97-414 Context triple: [Orphan Drug Act of 1983, legalCitation, Public Law 97-414]
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A.
Public Law 99-410
Public Law 99-410 is the U.S. federal statute that established the Uniformed and Overseas Citizens Absentee Voting Act, guaranteeing absentee voting rights in federal elections for military personnel and citizens living abroad.
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B.
Public Law 95-341
Public Law 95-341 is the federal statute commonly known as the American Indian Religious Freedom Act of 1978, which protects and promotes the traditional religious rights and cultural practices of American Indians, Alaska Natives, and Native Hawaiians.
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C.
Public Law 94-412
Public Law 94-412 is the 1976 federal statute, known as the National Emergencies Act, that established procedures and limits for presidential declarations of national emergencies in the United States.
-
D.
Public Law 99-514
Public Law 99-514 is the formal designation of the Tax Reform Act of 1986, a landmark U.S. federal law that significantly overhauled the federal income tax system by broadening the tax base and lowering tax rates.
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E.
Public Law 97-34
Public Law 97-34 is the formal designation of the Economic Recovery Tax Act of 1981, a major U.S. federal law that significantly reduced income tax rates and aimed to stimulate economic growth.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Public Law 97-414 Target entity description: Public Law 97-414 is the U.S. federal statute commonly known as the Orphan Drug Act of 1983, which incentivizes the development of treatments for rare diseases through benefits such as market exclusivity and tax credits.
-
A.
Public Law 99-410
Public Law 99-410 is the U.S. federal statute that established the Uniformed and Overseas Citizens Absentee Voting Act, guaranteeing absentee voting rights in federal elections for military personnel and citizens living abroad.
-
B.
Public Law 95-341
Public Law 95-341 is the federal statute commonly known as the American Indian Religious Freedom Act of 1978, which protects and promotes the traditional religious rights and cultural practices of American Indians, Alaska Natives, and Native Hawaiians.
-
C.
Public Law 94-412
Public Law 94-412 is the 1976 federal statute, known as the National Emergencies Act, that established procedures and limits for presidential declarations of national emergencies in the United States.
-
D.
Public Law 99-514
Public Law 99-514 is the formal designation of the Tax Reform Act of 1986, a landmark U.S. federal law that significantly overhauled the federal income tax system by broadening the tax base and lowering tax rates.
-
E.
Public Law 97-34
Public Law 97-34 is the formal designation of the Economic Recovery Tax Act of 1981, a major U.S. federal law that significantly reduced income tax rates and aimed to stimulate economic growth.
- F. None of above. chosen
Statements (47)
| Predicate | Object |
|---|---|
| instanceOf |
Orphan Drug Act
ⓘ
United States federal statute ⓘ |
| administeredBy |
Office of Orphan Products Development
NERFINISHED
ⓘ
U.S. Food and Drug Administration NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| alsoKnownAs | Orphan Drug Act of 1983 NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| amends | Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| appliesTo |
biological products for rare diseases
ⓘ
drugs for rare diseases ⓘ |
| beneficiary |
drug sponsors developing orphan drugs
ⓘ
patients with rare diseases ⓘ |
| congressNumber | 97th United States Congress NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| country |
United States of America
ⓘ
surface form:
United States
|
| dateSigned | 1983-01-04 ⓘ |
| definesTerm |
orphan drug
ⓘ
rare disease ⓘ |
| effect |
financial incentives for sponsors of orphan drugs
ⓘ
increased number of approved orphan drugs ⓘ |
| eligibilityCriterion |
disease affecting fewer than 200,000 persons in the United States
ⓘ
no reasonable expectation of recovering development costs from U.S. sales ⓘ |
| enactedBy | United States Congress ⓘ |
| establishes | orphan drug designation process ⓘ |
| hasComponent |
orphan drug market exclusivity provision
ⓘ
orphan drug tax credit ⓘ orphan product grants program ⓘ |
| historicalContext | early 1980s concern about lack of treatments for rare diseases ⓘ |
| inForce | true ⓘ |
| legalCitation | 96 Stat. 2049 ⓘ |
| marketExclusivityDuration | 7 years ⓘ |
| officeOfSigner | President of the United States NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| policyArea |
health law
ⓘ
pharmaceutical regulation ⓘ rare disease policy ⓘ |
| primaryPurpose |
to encourage development of drugs for rare diseases
ⓘ
to provide incentives for orphan drug development ⓘ |
| providesIncentive |
grant funding for clinical research
ⓘ
market exclusivity ⓘ tax credits for clinical testing ⓘ waiver or reduction of FDA user fees ⓘ |
| publicLawNumber | 97-414 ⓘ |
| regulatoryBody |
Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research
NERFINISHED
ⓘ
Center for Drug Evaluation and Research NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| sectorImpacted |
biotechnology industry
ⓘ
pharmaceutical industry ⓘ |
| shortName | Orphan Drug Act NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| signedBy | Ronald Reagan ⓘ |
| title | An Act to amend the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act to facilitate the development of drugs for rare diseases and conditions, and for other purposes ⓘ |
| yearEnacted | 1983 ⓘ |
How these facts were elicited
The pipeline generated the facts above by prompting gpt-5.1 with this entity's name + description and the instruction below.
Instruction
You are a knowledge base construction expert. Given a subject entity and a description of it, return factual statements that you know for the subject as a JSON list of dictionaries(triples), where keys must be "subject", "predicate" and "object". The number of facts may be very high, between 25 to 50 or more, for very popular subjects. For less popular subjects, the number of facts can be very low, like 5 or 10. # Requirements - If you don't know the subject at all, return an empty list. - If the subject is not a named entity, return an empty list. - Include at least one triple where predicate is "instanceOf". - Do not get too wordy. - Separate several objects into multiple triples with one object.
Input
Subject: Public Law 97-414 Description of subject: Public Law 97-414 is the U.S. federal statute commonly known as the Orphan Drug Act of 1983, which incentivizes the development of treatments for rare diseases through benefits such as market exclusivity and tax credits.
Referenced by (1)
Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.