The Revolution Betrayed
E64095
The Revolution Betrayed is Leon Trotsky’s seminal 1936 analysis of the degeneration of the Soviet Union under Stalin and a foundational critique of bureaucratic socialism.
All labels observed (2)
| Label | Occurrences |
|---|---|
| The Revolution Betrayed canonical | 3 |
| Soviet Union as a degenerated workers' state | 1 |
How this entity was disambiguated
This entity first appeared as the object of triple T513020 — resolving that mention is where its identity was fixed. The disambiguator weighed these candidate entities and picked the highlighted one (or “None”, minting a new entity). This is how homonymy is resolved: the same surface form can point to different entities.
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: The Revolution Betrayed Context triple: [Leon Trotsky, notableWork, The Revolution Betrayed]
-
A.
Le Coup d’État permanent
Le Coup d’État permanent is a political essay by François Mitterrand that sharply criticizes France’s Fifth Republic and the presidential power structure established by Charles de Gaulle.
-
B.
The History of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union (Bolsheviks): Short Course
The History of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union (Bolsheviks): Short Course is a heavily propagandistic official textbook published in 1938 that presented a Stalinist interpretation of Soviet and party history for ideological education.
-
C.
The Conquest of Bread
The Conquest of Bread is a foundational anarchist-communist text by Peter Kropotkin that advocates for a decentralized, cooperative society based on mutual aid and the abolition of private property.
-
D.
October: Ten Days That Shook the World
"October: Ten Days That Shook the World" is a 1928 Soviet silent historical film by Sergei Eisenstein that dramatizes the events of the 1917 October Revolution using his pioneering montage techniques.
-
E.
Memoirs of a Revolutionist
Memoirs of a Revolutionist is an autobiographical work by Russian anarchist Peter Kropotkin, recounting his life, political development, and revolutionary activities in 19th-century Russia and Europe.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: The Revolution Betrayed Target entity description: The Revolution Betrayed is Leon Trotsky’s seminal 1936 analysis of the degeneration of the Soviet Union under Stalin and a foundational critique of bureaucratic socialism.
-
A.
Le Coup d’État permanent
Le Coup d’État permanent is a political essay by François Mitterrand that sharply criticizes France’s Fifth Republic and the presidential power structure established by Charles de Gaulle.
-
B.
The History of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union (Bolsheviks): Short Course
The History of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union (Bolsheviks): Short Course is a heavily propagandistic official textbook published in 1938 that presented a Stalinist interpretation of Soviet and party history for ideological education.
-
C.
The Conquest of Bread
The Conquest of Bread is a foundational anarchist-communist text by Peter Kropotkin that advocates for a decentralized, cooperative society based on mutual aid and the abolition of private property.
-
D.
October: Ten Days That Shook the World
"October: Ten Days That Shook the World" is a 1928 Soviet silent historical film by Sergei Eisenstein that dramatizes the events of the 1917 October Revolution using his pioneering montage techniques.
-
E.
Memoirs of a Revolutionist
Memoirs of a Revolutionist is an autobiographical work by Russian anarchist Peter Kropotkin, recounting his life, political development, and revolutionary activities in 19th-century Russia and Europe.
- F. None of above. chosen
Statements (49)
| Predicate | Object |
|---|---|
| instanceOf |
Marxist literature
ⓘ
book ⓘ non-fiction book ⓘ political theory book ⓘ |
| aimsTo |
explain the causes of Soviet degeneration
ⓘ
outline a program for political revolution in the USSR ⓘ |
| author | Leon Trotsky ⓘ |
| countryOfOrigin | Soviet Union ⓘ |
| criticizes |
Joseph Stalin
ⓘ
Soviet ruling bureaucracy ⓘ Stalinist bureaucracy ⓘ bureaucratic socialism ⓘ |
| describes |
The Revolution Betrayed
self-linksurface differs
ⓘ
surface form:
Soviet Union as a degenerated workers' state
|
| genre |
historical analysis
ⓘ
political analysis ⓘ |
| hasEnglishTitle | The Revolution Betrayed self-link ⓘ |
| hasPart |
analysis of Soviet bureaucracy
ⓘ
analysis of Soviet planned economy ⓘ discussion of Thermidor in the Soviet context ⓘ programmatic conclusions ⓘ |
| hasPerspective | revolutionary socialist ⓘ |
| influenced |
Fourth International
ⓘ
Marxist critiques of the USSR ⓘ Trotskyist movement ⓘ |
| mainSubject |
Russian Revolution
ⓘ
surface form:
October Revolution
Soviet economy ⓘ Soviet politics ⓘ Stalin era ⓘ
surface form:
Stalinism
bureaucracy in the Soviet Union ⓘ bureaucratic degeneration ⓘ degeneration of the Soviet Union ⓘ political revolution ⓘ workers' state ⓘ |
| movement |
Marxism
ⓘ
Trotskyism ⓘ |
| notableFor |
concept of degenerated workers' state
ⓘ
foundational critique of bureaucratic socialism ⓘ systematic critique of Stalinism from the left ⓘ |
| originalLanguage | Russian ⓘ |
| originalPublicationPlace | Paris ⓘ |
| politicalPosition | Trotskyist ⓘ |
| publicationType | book-length treatise ⓘ |
| publicationYear | 1936 ⓘ |
| supports |
defense of nationalized property forms
ⓘ
political revolution against the bureaucracy ⓘ workers' democracy ⓘ |
| timePeriodDescribed |
early 1930s Soviet Union
ⓘ
post-October Revolution USSR ⓘ |
| writtenBy | Leon Trotsky in exile ⓘ |
How these facts were elicited
The pipeline generated the facts above by prompting gpt-5.1 with this entity's name + description and the instruction below.
Instruction
You are a knowledge base construction expert. Given a subject entity and a description of it, return factual statements that you know for the subject as a JSON list of dictionaries(triples), where keys must be "subject", "predicate" and "object". The number of facts may be very high, between 25 to 50 or more, for very popular subjects. For less popular subjects, the number of facts can be very low, like 5 or 10. # Requirements - If you don't know the subject at all, return an empty list. - If the subject is not a named entity, return an empty list. - Include at least one triple where predicate is "instanceOf". - Do not get too wordy. - Separate several objects into multiple triples with one object.
Input
Subject: The Revolution Betrayed Description of subject: The Revolution Betrayed is Leon Trotsky’s seminal 1936 analysis of the degeneration of the Soviet Union under Stalin and a foundational critique of bureaucratic socialism.
Referenced by (4)
Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.
this entity surface form:
Soviet Union as a degenerated workers' state