bombing of Cologne
E635085
The bombing of Cologne was a series of devastating Allied air raids on the German city of Cologne during World War II, notably including the first "thousand-bomber raid" that caused extensive destruction and civilian casualties.
Observed surface forms (1)
| Surface form | Occurrences |
|---|---|
| Bombing of Cologne in World War II | 1 |
Statements (48)
| Predicate | Object |
|---|---|
| instanceOf |
World War II event
ⓘ
strategic bombing campaign ⓘ |
| aim |
to undermine German civilian morale
ⓘ
to weaken German war industry ⓘ |
| aircraftUsed |
Avro Lancaster
NERFINISHED
ⓘ
Boeing B-17 Flying Fortress NERFINISHED ⓘ Consolidated B-24 Liberator NERFINISHED ⓘ Handley Page Halifax NERFINISHED ⓘ Short Stirling NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| belligerent |
Allied forces
NERFINISHED
ⓘ
Royal Air Force NERFINISHED ⓘ United States Army Air Forces NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| carriedOutBy |
No. 3 Group RAF
NERFINISHED
ⓘ
No. 5 Group RAF NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| civilianCasualtiesEstimate | thousands of civilians killed ⓘ |
| codenameOfNotableRaid | Operation Millennium NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| conductedBy | RAF Bomber Command NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| conflict | World War II ⓘ |
| country | Nazi Germany ⓘ |
| damageTo |
Cologne Cathedral surroundings
ⓘ
Cologne city center NERFINISHED ⓘ industrial plants ⓘ residential districts ⓘ |
| defendedBy |
German anti-aircraft artillery
ⓘ
German night fighters ⓘ |
| displacedPersonsEstimate | tens of thousands of residents made homeless ⓘ |
| endTime | 1945 ⓘ |
| historicalSignificance |
became a symbol of urban destruction in World War II
ⓘ
marked an escalation in the scale of Allied bombing raids ⓘ |
| location | Cologne NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| method |
area bombing
ⓘ
high-explosive bombs ⓘ incendiary bombs ⓘ night bombing ⓘ |
| notableEvent | first thousand-bomber raid ⓘ |
| notableFeature | first use of over 1,000 bombers in a single raid by the RAF ⓘ |
| notableRaidDate |
1942-05-30
ⓘ
1942-05-31 ⓘ |
| opponent | Luftwaffe NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| partOf | Allied strategic bombing campaign against Germany ⓘ |
| result |
disruption of industrial production
ⓘ
extensive destruction of the city ⓘ heavy civilian casualties ⓘ large-scale fires ⓘ |
| startTime | 1940 ⓘ |
| target |
industrial facilities in Cologne
ⓘ
residential areas in Cologne ⓘ transport infrastructure in Cologne ⓘ |
Referenced by (4)
Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.
subject surface form:
Arthur Harris
this entity surface form:
Bombing of Cologne in World War II