Goldstone bosons
E582534
Goldstone bosons are massless scalar particles that arise in quantum field theories as a consequence of spontaneously broken continuous symmetries.
Observed surface forms (2)
| Surface form | Occurrences |
|---|---|
| Goldstone boson | 0 |
| Goldstone theorem | 2 |
Statements (46)
| Predicate | Object |
|---|---|
| instanceOf |
boson
ⓘ
scalar particle ⓘ theoretical particle ⓘ |
| appearsInContext |
chiral symmetry breaking in QCD
ⓘ
condensed matter physics ⓘ cosmology ⓘ |
| appearsInModel |
linear sigma model
NERFINISHED
ⓘ
nonlinear sigma model NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| appearsInTheory |
quantum field theory
ⓘ
relativistic quantum field theory ⓘ |
| arisesFrom |
spontaneous symmetry breaking
ⓘ
spontaneously broken continuous symmetry ⓘ |
| associatedWith |
broken global symmetry
ⓘ
order parameter manifold ⓘ |
| contrastedWith | Higgs boson NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| correspondsTo | generator of broken symmetry ⓘ |
| energyScale | dominates low-energy excitations of broken-symmetry phase ⓘ |
| example |
magnon in a magnet (as Goldstone mode)
ⓘ
phonon in a crystal (as Goldstone mode) ⓘ pion in the chiral limit ⓘ |
| fieldType |
complex scalar field
ⓘ
real scalar field ⓘ |
| hasEnergyDispersion | gapless ⓘ |
| hasProperty |
couplings often derivative in effective Lagrangian
ⓘ
interactions constrained by symmetry ⓘ massless ⓘ |
| hasRole | mediates long-range correlations in ordered phase ⓘ |
| hasSpin | 0 ⓘ |
| hasSymmetry | shift symmetry in effective theory ⓘ |
| hasType |
type-A Nambu–Goldstone boson
ⓘ
type-B Nambu–Goldstone boson ⓘ |
| lowEnergyDescription | described by effective field theory ⓘ |
| massGenerationMechanism |
can acquire mass via explicit symmetry breaking
ⓘ
can be eaten by gauge bosons in Higgs mechanism ⓘ |
| mathematicalOrigin |
coset space G/H of symmetry breaking
ⓘ
degenerate vacuum manifold ⓘ |
| namedAfter | Jeffrey Goldstone NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| numberDeterminedBy | number of broken generators ⓘ |
| obeys | relativistic dispersion relation in Lorentz-invariant theories ⓘ |
| occursIn |
spontaneously broken internal symmetry
ⓘ
spontaneously broken space-time symmetry ⓘ |
| predictedBy | Goldstone theorem NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| relatedConcept |
Goldstone mode
ⓘ
Nambu–Goldstone boson ⓘ |
| roleInHiggsMechanism | longitudinal components of W and Z arise from Goldstone bosons ⓘ |
| roleInStandardModel | pions approximate Goldstone bosons of chiral symmetry ⓘ |
Referenced by (3)
Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.
this entity surface form:
Goldstone theorem
subject surface form:
Global Conservation Laws and Massless Particles
this entity surface form:
Goldstone theorem