Hazael of Aram-Damascus
E542950
Hazael of Aram-Damascus was a powerful 9th-century BCE king of Aram (Syria) known from biblical and Assyrian sources for his aggressive military campaigns against Israel and neighboring kingdoms.
All labels observed (3)
| Label | Occurrences |
|---|---|
| Hazael | 2 |
| Hazael of Aram-Damascus canonical | 1 |
| Hazael of Damascus | 1 |
How this entity was disambiguated
This entity first appeared as the object of triple T5625729 — resolving that mention is where its identity was fixed. The disambiguator weighed these candidate entities and picked the highlighted one (or “None”, minting a new entity). This is how homonymy is resolved: the same surface form can point to different entities.
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Hazael of Aram-Damascus Context triple: [Jehoram of Israel, enemy, Hazael of Aram-Damascus]
-
A.
Ben-hadad of Aram
Ben-hadad of Aram was a king of Aram-Damascus mentioned in the Hebrew Bible, known for his military conflicts with the Israelite kings.
-
B.
Shallum
Shallum is a biblical figure mentioned in the Hebrew Bible as the husband of the prophetess Huldah during the reign of King Josiah of Judah.
-
C.
Zimri-Lim
Zimri-Lim was an early 18th-century BCE Amorite king of Mari in Mesopotamia, known from extensive palace archives that illuminate the politics and society of his time.
-
D.
Shammah
Shammah is a lesser-known son of Jesse mentioned in the Bible, traditionally recognized as one of King David’s older brothers.
-
E.
Cushan-Rishathaim
Cushan-Rishathaim is a foreign king mentioned in the biblical Book of Judges as an oppressor of Israel whom God delivered into the hands of the judge Othniel.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Hazael of Aram-Damascus Target entity description: Hazael of Aram-Damascus was a powerful 9th-century BCE king of Aram (Syria) known from biblical and Assyrian sources for his aggressive military campaigns against Israel and neighboring kingdoms.
-
A.
Ben-hadad of Aram
Ben-hadad of Aram was a king of Aram-Damascus mentioned in the Hebrew Bible, known for his military conflicts with the Israelite kings.
-
B.
Shallum
Shallum is a biblical figure mentioned in the Hebrew Bible as the husband of the prophetess Huldah during the reign of King Josiah of Judah.
-
C.
Zimri-Lim
Zimri-Lim was an early 18th-century BCE Amorite king of Mari in Mesopotamia, known from extensive palace archives that illuminate the politics and society of his time.
-
D.
Shammah
Shammah is a lesser-known son of Jesse mentioned in the Bible, traditionally recognized as one of King David’s older brothers.
-
E.
Cushan-Rishathaim
Cushan-Rishathaim is a foreign king mentioned in the biblical Book of Judges as an oppressor of Israel whom God delivered into the hands of the judge Othniel.
- F. None of above. chosen
Statements (47)
| Predicate | Object |
|---|---|
| instanceOf |
ancient Near Eastern ruler
ⓘ
biblical figure ⓘ human ⓘ king ⓘ |
| alsoKnownAs | Hazael NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| approximateReignEnd | c. 800 BCE ⓘ |
| approximateReignStart | c. 843 BCE ⓘ |
| attestedBy |
Shalmaneser III inscriptions
NERFINISHED
ⓘ
Tel Dan Stele NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| capital | Damascus NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| conflictWith |
Assyrian Empire
NERFINISHED
ⓘ
Kingdom of Israel NERFINISHED ⓘ Kingdom of Judah NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| countryRuled |
Aram
NERFINISHED
ⓘ
Aram-Damascus NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| culture | Aramean ⓘ |
| deathPlace | Damascus (probable) NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| describedIn |
Assyrian royal inscriptions
NERFINISHED
ⓘ
Hebrew Bible NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| dynasty | Aramean kings of Damascus ⓘ |
| expandedTerritoryInto |
Philistia
NERFINISHED
ⓘ
Transjordan NERFINISHED ⓘ northern Israel ⓘ |
| knownFor |
aggressive military campaigns
ⓘ
wars against Israel ⓘ wars against Judah ⓘ wars against Philistia ⓘ wars against other Levantine kingdoms ⓘ |
| language | Aramaic ⓘ |
| mentionedIn |
1 Kings
ⓘ
2 Kings ⓘ Amos NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| notableBattle | Battle against Shalmaneser III at Mount Senir (Saniru) NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| notableFor | strengthening Aram-Damascus as a regional power ⓘ |
| positionHeld | king of Aram-Damascus ⓘ |
| predecessor | Ben-Hadad II NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| region |
Levant
NERFINISHED
ⓘ
Syria NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| religion | Aramean religion ⓘ |
| roleInBible |
enemy of Israel
ⓘ
instrument of divine judgment in prophetic texts ⓘ |
| sourceType |
Aramaic royal inscription
ⓘ
Assyrian annals NERFINISHED ⓘ biblical narrative ⓘ |
| successor | Ben-Hadad III NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| timePeriod | 9th century BCE ⓘ |
| usurpedThroneFrom | Ben-Hadad II NERFINISHED ⓘ |
How these facts were elicited
The pipeline generated the facts above by prompting gpt-5.1 with this entity's name + description and the instruction below.
Instruction
You are a knowledge base construction expert. Given a subject entity and a description of it, return factual statements that you know for the subject as a JSON list of dictionaries(triples), where keys must be "subject", "predicate" and "object". The number of facts may be very high, between 25 to 50 or more, for very popular subjects. For less popular subjects, the number of facts can be very low, like 5 or 10. # Requirements - If you don't know the subject at all, return an empty list. - If the subject is not a named entity, return an empty list. - Include at least one triple where predicate is "instanceOf". - Do not get too wordy. - Separate several objects into multiple triples with one object.
Input
Subject: Hazael of Aram-Damascus Description of subject: Hazael of Aram-Damascus was a powerful 9th-century BCE king of Aram (Syria) known from biblical and Assyrian sources for his aggressive military campaigns against Israel and neighboring kingdoms.
Referenced by (4)
Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.
this entity surface form:
Hazael of Damascus
this entity surface form:
Hazael
this entity surface form:
Hazael