Aral Sea

E53408

The Aral Sea is a largely dried-up endorheic lake in Central Asia, once one of the world’s largest inland bodies of water and now a symbol of severe environmental degradation caused by river diversion.

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Observed surface forms (1)

Surface form Occurrences
Aral Sea basin 1

Statements (72)

Predicate Object
instanceOf endorheic lake
former large inland sea
salt lake
basinCountry Kazakhstan
Uzbekistan
borderedBy Karakalpakstan
Kyzylorda Region
causeOfDesiccation Soviet cotton monoculture policies
diversion of Amu Darya
diversion of Syr Darya
irrigation projects
climateEffect more extreme continental climate locally after shrinkage
continent Asia
currentStatus largely dried up
environmentalImpact health problems in local population
local climate change
loss of biodiversity
soil salinization in surrounding areas
governedBy Kazakhstan
Uzbekistan
hasEconomicImpact collapse of fisheries
loss of agricultural productivity in some areas
outmigration of local population
hasPart Aralkum Desert
Eastern Basin of the Aral Sea
North Aral Sea
South Aral Sea
Vozrozhdeniya Island
Western Basin of the Aral Sea
hasPhotographicEvidence satellite imagery showing shrinkage
hasRestorationProject Kok-Aral Dam
healthIssuesAssociated anemia
birth defects
cancers
kidney diseases
respiratory diseases
historicalAreaRank one of the four largest lakes in the world by area (mid-20th century)
historicalMaxDepth about 69 metres
historicalSurfaceArea approximately 68,000 square kilometres in 1960
historicalVolume over 1,000 cubic kilometres in 1960
inflow Amu Darya
Syr Darya
knownFor being a major environmental disaster
collapse of local fishing industry
creation of the Aralkum Desert
desiccation due to river diversion
dramatic shrinkage in the 20th century
dust storms carrying toxic sediments
severe environmental degradation
locatedIn Central Asia
Kazakhstan
Uzbekistan
locatedInDesert Karakum Desert
Kyzylkum Desert
locatedInDrainageBasin Aral Sea Basin
namedAfter Aral (island in Turkic languages)
nameMeaning Sea of Islands
nearbyCity Aralsk
Moynaq
nearbyPort former port of Aralsk
former port of Moynaq
partOf Soviet Union
surface form: Soviet Union (as basin region before 1991)
restorationFocus North Aral Sea
restorationOutcome partial recovery of water level in North Aral Sea
partial return of fish stocks in North Aral Sea
salinityTrend increasing salinity during desiccation
symbolOf environmental mismanagement in the Soviet era
unsustainable water management
timePeriodOfMajorShrinkage 1960s–2000s
UNEPStatus one of the planet’s worst environmental disasters
waterType endorheic (no outflow)
saline

Referenced by (6)

Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.

Kyrgyzstan drainageBasin Aral Sea
this entity surface form: Aral Sea basin
Amu Darya flowsInto Aral Sea
Syr Darya flowsInto Aral Sea
Central Asia hasMajorLake Aral Sea
Amu Darya mouth Aral Sea
Syr Darya mouth Aral Sea