Legio XII Fulminata
E530478
Legio XII Fulminata was a Roman legion, famed for its long service on the eastern frontiers of the empire and its role in various campaigns from the late Republic through the early Imperial period.
All labels observed (2)
| Label | Occurrences |
|---|---|
| Legio XII Fulminata canonical | 4 |
| Legio XII | 1 |
How this entity was disambiguated
This entity first appeared as the object of triple T5540768 — resolving that mention is where its identity was fixed. The disambiguator weighed these candidate entities and picked the highlighted one (or “None”, minting a new entity). This is how homonymy is resolved: the same surface form can point to different entities.
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Legio XII Fulminata Context triple: [Gobustan Rock Art Cultural Landscape, RomanInscriptionMentions, Legio XII Fulminata]
-
A.
Legio X Gemina
Legio X Gemina was a distinguished Roman legion, originally formed by Julius Caesar, that served in numerous key military campaigns across the Roman Empire.
-
B.
Legio XX Valeria Victrix
Legio XX Valeria Victrix was a renowned Roman legion, active from the late Republic through the Imperial period, best known for its long service in Britain and participation in major campaigns such as the conquest of Britannia.
-
C.
Legio XV Apollinaris
Legio XV Apollinaris was a Roman imperial legion, active from the late Republic through the early Empire, noted for its participation in eastern campaigns and service under emperors such as Vespasian.
-
D.
Legio VI Victrix
Legio VI Victrix was a distinguished Roman legion, famed for its military successes and long-term role in the conquest and defense of Roman Britain.
-
E.
Legio II Adiutrix
Legio II Adiutrix was a Roman imperial legion, originally raised by Emperor Vespasian in the 1st century AD, that served in various campaigns across the empire and became closely associated with the Danubian frontier.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Legio XII Fulminata Target entity description: Legio XII Fulminata was a Roman legion, famed for its long service on the eastern frontiers of the empire and its role in various campaigns from the late Republic through the early Imperial period.
-
A.
Legio X Gemina
Legio X Gemina was a distinguished Roman legion, originally formed by Julius Caesar, that served in numerous key military campaigns across the Roman Empire.
-
B.
Legio XX Valeria Victrix
Legio XX Valeria Victrix was a renowned Roman legion, active from the late Republic through the Imperial period, best known for its long service in Britain and participation in major campaigns such as the conquest of Britannia.
-
C.
Legio XV Apollinaris
Legio XV Apollinaris was a Roman imperial legion, active from the late Republic through the early Empire, noted for its participation in eastern campaigns and service under emperors such as Vespasian.
-
D.
Legio VI Victrix
Legio VI Victrix was a distinguished Roman legion, famed for its military successes and long-term role in the conquest and defense of Roman Britain.
-
E.
Legio II Adiutrix
Legio II Adiutrix was a Roman imperial legion, originally raised by Emperor Vespasian in the 1st century AD, that served in various campaigns across the empire and became closely associated with the Danubian frontier.
- F. None of above. chosen
Statements (51)
| Predicate | Object |
|---|---|
| instanceOf | Roman legion ⓘ |
| activePeriod |
1st century AD
ⓘ
1st century BC ⓘ 2nd century AD ⓘ 3rd century AD ⓘ |
| allegiance | Rome NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| alternativeName |
Legio Fulminata
NERFINISHED
ⓘ
Legio XII Fulminatrix NERFINISHED ⓘ Twelfth Thunderbolt Legion NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| country |
Roman Empire
ⓘ
Roman Republic ⓘ |
| dateOfFormation | 58 BC ⓘ |
| famedFor |
long service on the eastern frontiers
ⓘ
participation in major Roman campaigns from late Republic to early Empire ⓘ |
| formedDuringConflict | Gallic Wars NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| garrison | Melitene NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| legionNumber | XII ⓘ |
| namedAfter | Jupiter NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| notableEvent |
defeat at Beth Horon during the First Jewish–Roman War
ⓘ
reorganization and continued service after defeat in Judaea ⓘ |
| participatedIn |
Battle of Beth Horon (66 AD)
NERFINISHED
ⓘ
Battle of Bibracte NERFINISHED ⓘ Battle of Dyrrhachium NERFINISHED ⓘ Battle of Gergovia NERFINISHED ⓘ Battle of Pharsalus NERFINISHED ⓘ Battle of Zela NERFINISHED ⓘ Caesar’s Civil War NERFINISHED ⓘ First Jewish–Roman War NERFINISHED ⓘ Gallic Wars NERFINISHED ⓘ Jewish–Roman War NERFINISHED ⓘ Roman–Armenian campaigns NERFINISHED ⓘ Roman–Parthian Wars NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| primaryTheaterOfOperations | Eastern frontier of the Roman Empire ⓘ |
| province | Cappadocia NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| raisedBy | Gaius Julius Caesar NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| role |
field army
ⓘ
frontier defense ⓘ |
| servedUnder |
Augustus
NERFINISHED
ⓘ
Domitian NERFINISHED ⓘ Hadrian NERFINISHED ⓘ Julius Caesar NERFINISHED ⓘ Tiberius NERFINISHED ⓘ Trajan NERFINISHED ⓘ Vespasian NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| stationedIn |
Armenia Minor
NERFINISHED
ⓘ
Cappadocia NERFINISHED ⓘ Melitene NERFINISHED ⓘ Rhenish frontier NERFINISHED ⓘ Syria NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| symbol | thunderbolt ⓘ |
| typeOfUnit | heavy infantry ⓘ |
How these facts were elicited
The pipeline generated the facts above by prompting gpt-5.1 with this entity's name + description and the instruction below.
Instruction
You are a knowledge base construction expert. Given a subject entity and a description of it, return factual statements that you know for the subject as a JSON list of dictionaries(triples), where keys must be "subject", "predicate" and "object". The number of facts may be very high, between 25 to 50 or more, for very popular subjects. For less popular subjects, the number of facts can be very low, like 5 or 10. # Requirements - If you don't know the subject at all, return an empty list. - If the subject is not a named entity, return an empty list. - Include at least one triple where predicate is "instanceOf". - Do not get too wordy. - Separate several objects into multiple triples with one object.
Input
Subject: Legio XII Fulminata Description of subject: Legio XII Fulminata was a Roman legion, famed for its long service on the eastern frontiers of the empire and its role in various campaigns from the late Republic through the early Imperial period.
Referenced by (5)
Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.
this entity surface form:
Legio XII