Etherington reciprocity theorem
E528109
The Etherington reciprocity theorem is a fundamental result in relativistic cosmology that links luminosity distance and angular diameter distance, underpinning observational tests of the expanding universe.
Statements (47)
| Predicate | Object |
|---|---|
| instanceOf |
cosmological distance duality relation
ⓘ
theorem in relativistic cosmology ⓘ |
| alsoKnownAs |
Etherington distance duality
NERFINISHED
ⓘ
distance duality relation ⓘ |
| appliesTo |
Friedmann–Lemaître–Robertson–Walker cosmologies
NERFINISHED
ⓘ
any metric spacetime with null geodesic light propagation ⓘ |
| assumes |
metric theory of gravity
ⓘ
no exotic photon absorption or conversion ⓘ photon number conservation ⓘ photons travel on null geodesics ⓘ |
| category |
results in general relativity
ⓘ
theorems in cosmology ⓘ |
| field |
cosmology
ⓘ
general relativity ⓘ |
| holdsIf |
light propagation is reversible
ⓘ
spacetime is described by a metric theory ⓘ |
| implies | cosmological distance duality ⓘ |
| involvesQuantity |
angular diameter distance d_A
ⓘ
luminosity distance d_L ⓘ redshift z ⓘ |
| mathematicalForm | relation between area distance and luminosity distance ⓘ |
| namedAfter | I. M. H. Etherington NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| publishedIn | Philosophical Magazine NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| relatedConcept |
Hubble–Lemaître law
NERFINISHED
ⓘ
cosmological distance ladder ⓘ |
| relates |
angular diameter distance
ⓘ
luminosity distance ⓘ |
| statedAs | d_L = (1+z)^2 d_A ⓘ |
| testedUsing |
Type Ia supernovae
NERFINISHED
ⓘ
baryon acoustic oscillations ⓘ cosmic microwave background observations ⓘ galaxy cluster X-ray and Sunyaev–Zel’dovich observations ⓘ strong gravitational lensing systems ⓘ |
| underpins |
interpretation of angular diameter distance measurements
ⓘ
interpretation of luminosity distance measurements ⓘ observational tests of cosmic acceleration ⓘ observational tests of the expanding universe ⓘ |
| usedFor |
comparing supernova and galaxy cluster distance measurements
ⓘ
consistency checks between different cosmological observations ⓘ constraining deviations from general relativity ⓘ probing photon-axion or photon-dark sector couplings ⓘ testing the expansion of the universe ⓘ testing the standard cosmological model ⓘ |
| violatedBy |
non-metric theories of gravity
ⓘ
opacity of the universe ⓘ photon number non-conservation ⓘ |
| yearProposed | 1933 ⓘ |
Referenced by (1)
Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.