Newtonian gravitational constant G
E4996
The Newtonian gravitational constant G is the fundamental physical constant that quantifies the strength of gravitational attraction between masses in classical and relativistic theories of gravity.
Aliases (3)
Statements (48)
| Predicate | Object |
|---|---|
| instanceOf |
fundamental constant
→
gravitational constant → physical constant → |
| alsoKnownAs |
Newtonian constant of gravitation
→
universal gravitational constant → |
| appearsIn |
Poisson equation for Newtonian gravity
→
|
| appearsInEquation |
Einstein field equations (via κ = 8πG/c^4)
→
F = G m1 m2 / r^2 → g = G M / r^2 → ∇^2Φ = 4πGρ → |
| appearsInLaw |
Newton's law of universal gravitation
→
|
| appearsInTheory |
Newtonian gravity
→
classical mechanics → general relativity → |
| CODATA2022StandardUncertainty |
0.00015×10^-11 m^3 kg^-1 s^-2
→
|
| CODATA2022Value |
6.67430×10^-11 m^3 kg^-1 s^-2
→
|
| dependsOn |
none of the properties of specific materials
→
|
| dimension |
L^3 M^-1 T^-2
→
|
| fieldOfUse |
astrophysics
→
cosmology → geophysics → metrology → |
| governs |
gravitational attraction between macroscopic bodies
→
gravitational attraction between point masses → strength of gravitational potential Φ → |
| hasMeasurementDifficulty |
one of the least precisely known fundamental constants
→
|
| hasSign |
positive
→
|
| historicalExperiment |
Cavendish experiment
→
|
| historicallyMeasuredBy |
Henry Cavendish
→
|
| independentOf |
choice of units for mass, length, and time (up to conversion factors)
→
|
| isMeasuredBy |
Cavendish-type torsion balance experiments
→
atom interferometry experiments → pendulum experiments → |
| isPositive |
true
→
|
| isUniversal |
true
→
|
| quantityType |
coupling constant
→
|
| relatedToConstant |
Planck constant h
→
speed of light c → |
| relativeStandardUncertainty |
2.2×10^-5
→
|
| role |
quantifies strength of gravitational interaction
→
|
| SIUnit |
m^3 kg^-1 s^-2
→
|
| symbol |
G
→
|
| usedFor |
calculating orbital dynamics
→
determining planetary masses → modeling gravitational fields of celestial bodies → |
| usedToDefine |
Planck length
→
Planck mass → Planck time → |
Referenced by (5)
| Subject (surface form when different) | Predicate |
|---|---|
|
Newtonian gravitational constant G
("universal gravitational constant")
→
Newtonian gravitational constant G ("Newtonian constant of gravitation") → |
alsoKnownAs |
|
Bekenstein bound
("Newtonian gravitational constant")
→
Bekenstein–Hawking entropy ("Newtonian gravitational constant") → |
usesConstant |
|
Einstein field equations
→
|
constant |