Second Battle of St Albans
E492846
The Second Battle of St Albans was a key 1461 engagement in the Wars of the Roses in which the Lancastrian forces defeated the Yorkists and briefly regained custody of King Henry VI.
All labels observed (1)
| Label | Occurrences |
|---|---|
| Second Battle of St Albans canonical | 2 |
How this entity was disambiguated
This entity first appeared as the object of triple T5064995 — resolving that mention is where its identity was fixed. The disambiguator weighed these candidate entities and picked the highlighted one (or “None”, minting a new entity). This is how homonymy is resolved: the same surface form can point to different entities.
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Second Battle of St Albans Context triple: [Margaret of Anjou, battle, Second Battle of St Albans]
-
A.
First Battle of St Albans
The First Battle of St Albans was a 1455 clash between the houses of Lancaster and York that marked the outbreak of the Wars of the Roses in England.
-
B.
Battle of Wakefield
The Battle of Wakefield was a major engagement of the Wars of the Roses in 1460, in which the Lancastrian forces decisively defeated and killed Richard, Duke of York, shifting the balance of power in favor of the Lancastrian cause.
-
C.
Battle of Stoke Field
The Battle of Stoke Field was a decisive 1487 engagement in England that effectively ended the Wars of the Roses by crushing the last major Yorkist uprising against Henry VII.
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D.
Battle of Barnet
The Battle of Barnet was a decisive 1471 engagement of the Wars of the Roses in which the Yorkist forces under Edward IV defeated and killed the powerful kingmaker Richard Neville, Earl of Warwick, helping to secure Yorkist control of the English throne.
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E.
Battle of Bosworth Field
The Battle of Bosworth Field was the decisive 1485 clash in the Wars of the Roses in which Henry Tudor defeated and killed King Richard III, leading to the end of the Plantagenet dynasty and the beginning of Tudor rule in England.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Second Battle of St Albans Target entity description: The Second Battle of St Albans was a key 1461 engagement in the Wars of the Roses in which the Lancastrian forces defeated the Yorkists and briefly regained custody of King Henry VI.
-
A.
First Battle of St Albans
The First Battle of St Albans was a 1455 clash between the houses of Lancaster and York that marked the outbreak of the Wars of the Roses in England.
-
B.
Battle of Wakefield
The Battle of Wakefield was a major engagement of the Wars of the Roses in 1460, in which the Lancastrian forces decisively defeated and killed Richard, Duke of York, shifting the balance of power in favor of the Lancastrian cause.
-
C.
Battle of Stoke Field
The Battle of Stoke Field was a decisive 1487 engagement in England that effectively ended the Wars of the Roses by crushing the last major Yorkist uprising against Henry VII.
-
D.
Battle of Barnet
The Battle of Barnet was a decisive 1471 engagement of the Wars of the Roses in which the Yorkist forces under Edward IV defeated and killed the powerful kingmaker Richard Neville, Earl of Warwick, helping to secure Yorkist control of the English throne.
-
E.
Battle of Bosworth Field
The Battle of Bosworth Field was the decisive 1485 clash in the Wars of the Roses in which Henry Tudor defeated and killed King Richard III, leading to the end of the Plantagenet dynasty and the beginning of Tudor rule in England.
- F. None of above. chosen
Statements (45)
| Predicate | Object |
|---|---|
| instanceOf |
battle
ⓘ
engagement in the Wars of the Roses ⓘ |
| aimOfLancastrians | to relieve King Henry VI from Yorkist custody ⓘ |
| aimOfYorkists | to block Lancastrian advance on London ⓘ |
| alsoKnownAs | 2nd Battle of St Albans NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| associatedDynasty |
House of Lancaster
NERFINISHED
ⓘ
House of York NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| belligerent |
House of Lancaster
NERFINISHED
ⓘ
House of York NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| capturedPerson | King Henry VI of England NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| casualties |
heavy Yorkist casualties
ⓘ
significant Lancastrian casualties ⓘ |
| combatantSide |
Lancastrian forces
ⓘ
Yorkist forces NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| commander |
Henry Beaufort, 3rd Duke of Somerset
NERFINISHED
ⓘ
Henry Percy, 3rd Earl of Northumberland NERFINISHED ⓘ John Clifford, 9th Baron de Clifford NERFINISHED ⓘ John Neville, Lord Montagu NERFINISHED ⓘ Queen Margaret of Anjou NERFINISHED ⓘ Richard Neville, Earl of Warwick NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| conflict | Wars of the Roses NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| country | Kingdom of England ⓘ |
| date | 17 February 1461 ⓘ |
| era | Late Middle Ages ⓘ |
| followedBy | Battle of Towton NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| location |
Hertfordshire
NERFINISHED
ⓘ
St Albans NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| notableDeath |
Lord Bonville
NERFINISHED
ⓘ
Sir John Grey of Groby NERFINISHED ⓘ Sir Thomas Kyriell NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| notableEvent | Lancastrians briefly regained custody of King Henry VI ⓘ |
| partOf | English civil wars of the 15th century ⓘ |
| politicalContext | struggle between supporters of Henry VI and Edward, Earl of March ⓘ |
| precededBy |
Battle of Wakefield
NERFINISHED
ⓘ
First Battle of St Albans NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| region | Eastern England NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| relatedMonarch | Henry VI of England NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| relatedPlace | London NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| result | Lancastrian victory ⓘ |
| significance |
decisive engagement in the campaign of early 1461
ⓘ
last major Lancastrian victory before Battle of Towton ⓘ |
| strategicOutcome | Lancastrians reopened the road to London ⓘ |
| tacticalFeature |
Lancastrian flanking manoeuvre through wooded terrain
ⓘ
Yorkist defensive position north of St Albans ⓘ |
| year | 1461 ⓘ |
How these facts were elicited
The pipeline generated the facts above by prompting gpt-5.1 with this entity's name + description and the instruction below.
Instruction
You are a knowledge base construction expert. Given a subject entity and a description of it, return factual statements that you know for the subject as a JSON list of dictionaries(triples), where keys must be "subject", "predicate" and "object". The number of facts may be very high, between 25 to 50 or more, for very popular subjects. For less popular subjects, the number of facts can be very low, like 5 or 10. # Requirements - If you don't know the subject at all, return an empty list. - If the subject is not a named entity, return an empty list. - Include at least one triple where predicate is "instanceOf". - Do not get too wordy. - Separate several objects into multiple triples with one object.
Input
Subject: Second Battle of St Albans Description of subject: The Second Battle of St Albans was a key 1461 engagement in the Wars of the Roses in which the Lancastrian forces defeated the Yorkists and briefly regained custody of King Henry VI.
Referenced by (2)
Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.