shell model of the atomic nucleus
E476365
The shell model of the atomic nucleus is a theoretical framework that explains nuclear structure and stability by treating protons and neutrons as occupying discrete energy levels, analogous to electrons in atomic shells.
Statements (48)
| Predicate | Object |
|---|---|
| instanceOf |
nuclear structure model
ⓘ
theoretical framework in nuclear physics ⓘ |
| analogousTo | electron shell model in atomic physics ⓘ |
| appliesTo | bound nucleons in a nucleus ⓘ |
| assumes |
Pauli exclusion principle for nucleons
ⓘ
independent particle motion in an average potential ⓘ |
| category | quantum mechanical model ⓘ |
| combinedWith | liquid drop model in the unified model ⓘ |
| describes |
nuclear energy levels
ⓘ
structure of atomic nuclei ⓘ |
| developedBy |
J. Hans D. Jensen
NERFINISHED
ⓘ
Maria Goeppert Mayer NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| developedIn | late 1940s ⓘ |
| distinguishes | valence nucleons outside closed shells ⓘ |
| explains |
enhanced stability of certain nuclei
ⓘ
excited states of nuclei ⓘ ground-state spins of many odd-A nuclei ⓘ magic numbers in nuclei ⓘ nuclear spin and parity of ground states ⓘ odd–even staggering of nuclear binding energies ⓘ |
| field | nuclear physics ⓘ |
| hasLimitation |
less accurate for very heavy or strongly deformed nuclei
ⓘ
neglects explicit nucleon–nucleon correlations in simplest form ⓘ |
| implies |
closed shells correspond to especially stable nuclei
ⓘ
filling of nuclear shells from lowest to highest energy ⓘ |
| includes | spin–orbit coupling term ⓘ |
| influenced | development of the nuclear shell correction method ⓘ |
| mathematicallyBasedOn | Schrödinger equation for nucleons in a potential ⓘ |
| predicts |
closed-shell nuclei
ⓘ
ground-state angular momentum of many nuclei ⓘ nuclear magic numbers 2, 8, 20, 28, 50, 82, 126 ⓘ nuclear shell gaps ⓘ selection rules for nuclear transitions ⓘ |
| recognizedBy | Nobel Prize in Physics 1963 for Goeppert Mayer and Jensen NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| relatedTo | liquid drop model of the nucleus ⓘ |
| represents | nucleons by quantum numbers n, l, j, m ⓘ |
| treatsAs |
neutrons occupying discrete energy levels
ⓘ
protons occupying discrete energy levels ⓘ |
| usedFor |
calculations of nuclear magnetic moments
ⓘ
calculations of nuclear quadrupole moments ⓘ classification of nuclear energy levels ⓘ interpretation of beta decay selection rules ⓘ interpretation of gamma-ray spectra of nuclei ⓘ |
| uses |
Woods–Saxon potential in realistic calculations
ⓘ
central potential plus spin–orbit interaction ⓘ harmonic oscillator potential in simple versions ⓘ mean-field approximation ⓘ single-particle energy levels ⓘ |
Referenced by (1)
Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.