Tai–Kadai languages
E47577
The Tai–Kadai languages are a major language family of Southeast Asia that includes Thai, Lao, and related languages spoken across mainland and parts of southern China.
All labels observed (9)
| Label | Occurrences |
|---|---|
| Tai–Kadai languages canonical | 22 |
| Tai–Kadai language family | 13 |
| Kra–Dai language family | 9 |
| Kra–Dai languages | 8 |
| Tai–Kadai | 8 |
| Tai-Kadai languages | 7 |
| Kra–Dai | 5 |
| Tai-Kadai language family | 5 |
| Tai-Kadai | 1 |
How this entity was disambiguated
This entity first appeared as the object of triple T371809 — resolving that mention is where its identity was fixed. The disambiguator weighed these candidate entities and picked the highlighted one (or “None”, minting a new entity). This is how homonymy is resolved: the same surface form can point to different entities.
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Tai–Kadai languages Context triple: [Southeast Asia, majorLanguageFamily, Tai–Kadai languages]
-
A.
Japonic languages
The Japonic languages are a small language family that includes Japanese and the Ryukyuan languages, spoken primarily in Japan and the Ryukyu Islands of East Asia.
-
B.
Austronesian languages
Austronesian languages are a large and widely dispersed language family spoken across maritime Southeast Asia, Madagascar, the Pacific Islands, and parts of mainland Asia.
-
C.
Ryukyuan languages
The Ryukyuan languages are a group of closely related but distinct Japonic languages traditionally spoken in Japan’s Ryukyu Islands, many of which are now endangered.
-
D.
Sino-Tibetan languages
The Sino-Tibetan languages are a major language family of East, Southeast, and South Asia that includes Chinese, Tibetan, Burmese, and numerous related languages spoken by over a billion people.
-
E.
Austroasiatic
Austroasiatic is a large and ancient language family of mainland Southeast Asia and parts of South Asia, including languages such as Khmer, Vietnamese, and Mon.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Tai–Kadai languages Target entity description: The Tai–Kadai languages are a major language family of Southeast Asia that includes Thai, Lao, and related languages spoken across mainland and parts of southern China.
-
A.
Japonic languages
The Japonic languages are a small language family that includes Japanese and the Ryukyuan languages, spoken primarily in Japan and the Ryukyu Islands of East Asia.
-
B.
Austronesian languages
Austronesian languages are a large and widely dispersed language family spoken across maritime Southeast Asia, Madagascar, the Pacific Islands, and parts of mainland Asia.
-
C.
Ryukyuan languages
The Ryukyuan languages are a group of closely related but distinct Japonic languages traditionally spoken in Japan’s Ryukyu Islands, many of which are now endangered.
-
D.
Sino-Tibetan languages
The Sino-Tibetan languages are a major language family of East, Southeast, and South Asia that includes Chinese, Tibetan, Burmese, and numerous related languages spoken by over a billion people.
-
E.
Austroasiatic
Austroasiatic is a large and ancient language family of mainland Southeast Asia and parts of South Asia, including languages such as Khmer, Vietnamese, and Mon.
- F. None of above. chosen
Statements (52)
| Predicate | Object |
|---|---|
| instanceOf |
language family
ⓘ
language group ⓘ |
| alternativeName |
Daic languages
ⓘ
Tai–Kadai languages ⓘ
surface form:
Kra–Dai languages
|
| continent | Asia ⓘ |
| feature |
contrastive lexical tone
ⓘ
predominantly SVO word order ⓘ use of classifiers ⓘ |
| hasSubfamily |
Hlai languages
ⓘ
Kam–Sui languages ⓘ Kra languages ⓘ Lakkia–Biao languages ⓘ Tai languages ⓘ |
| includesLanguage |
Biao language
ⓘ
Bouyei language ⓘ Hlai languages ⓘ
surface form:
Hlai language
Kam language ⓘ Lakkia language ⓘ Lao ⓘ
surface form:
Lao language
Li language ⓘ Nung language ⓘ Shan language ⓘ Sui language ⓘ Thai ⓘ
surface form:
Thai language
Zhuang language ⓘ |
| languageBranchOf |
Austro-Tai hypothesis
ⓘ
Sino-Tibetan–Tai hypothesis ⓘ |
| majorLanguage |
Lao language
ⓘ
Thai language ⓘ Zhuang language ⓘ |
| region |
Indochinese Peninsula
ⓘ
surface form:
Mainland Southeast Asia
Southeast Asia ⓘ southern China ⓘ
surface form:
Southern China
Southwest China ⓘ |
| spokenIn |
Cambodia
ⓘ
China ⓘ Guangxi Province ⓘ
surface form:
Guangxi
Guizhou Province ⓘ
surface form:
Guizhou
Hainan ⓘ Laos ⓘ Myanmar ⓘ northern Vietnam ⓘ
surface form:
Northern Vietnam
Thailand ⓘ Viet Nam ⓘ
surface form:
Vietnam
Yunnan Province ⓘ
surface form:
Yunnan
|
| typology |
analytic language family
ⓘ
tonal language family ⓘ |
| writingSystem |
Lao script
ⓘ
New Tai Lue script ⓘ Tai Viet script ⓘ Thai script ⓘ Zhuang logograms ⓘ |
How these facts were elicited
The pipeline generated the facts above by prompting gpt-5.1 with this entity's name + description and the instruction below.
Instruction
You are a knowledge base construction expert. Given a subject entity and a description of it, return factual statements that you know for the subject as a JSON list of dictionaries(triples), where keys must be "subject", "predicate" and "object". The number of facts may be very high, between 25 to 50 or more, for very popular subjects. For less popular subjects, the number of facts can be very low, like 5 or 10. # Requirements - If you don't know the subject at all, return an empty list. - If the subject is not a named entity, return an empty list. - Include at least one triple where predicate is "instanceOf". - Do not get too wordy. - Separate several objects into multiple triples with one object.
Input
Subject: Tai–Kadai languages Description of subject: The Tai–Kadai languages are a major language family of Southeast Asia that includes Thai, Lao, and related languages spoken across mainland and parts of southern China.
Referenced by (78)
Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.
this entity surface form:
Tai–Kadai
subject surface form:
Buyi language
this entity surface form:
Kra–Dai language family
this entity surface form:
Kra–Dai language family
this entity surface form:
Tai–Kadai language family
this entity surface form:
Tai-Kadai language family
this entity surface form:
Kra–Dai
this entity surface form:
Tai–Kadai language family
this entity surface form:
Tai-Kadai language family
this entity surface form:
Kra–Dai languages
this entity surface form:
Kra–Dai language family
this entity surface form:
Kra–Dai languages
this entity surface form:
Kra–Dai language family
this entity surface form:
Tai–Kadai language family
this entity surface form:
Tai–Kadai language family
this entity surface form:
Tai–Kadai language family
this entity surface form:
Tai–Kadai
this entity surface form:
Tai–Kadai language family
this entity surface form:
Tai-Kadai language family
this entity surface form:
Tai–Kadai language family
this entity surface form:
Kra–Dai languages
this entity surface form:
Kra–Dai
this entity surface form:
Kra–Dai language family