Elena Kagan
E45840
Elena Kagan is a U.S. Supreme Court Associate Justice, appointed in 2010, known for her incisive legal reasoning, influential dissents, and pragmatic liberal jurisprudence.
All labels observed (2)
| Label | Occurrences |
|---|---|
| Elena Kagan canonical | 50 |
| Justice Elena Kagan | 7 |
How this entity was disambiguated
This entity first appeared as the object of triple T132179 — resolving that mention is where its identity was fixed. The disambiguator weighed these candidate entities and picked the highlighted one (or “None”, minting a new entity). This is how homonymy is resolved: the same surface form can point to different entities.
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Elena Kagan Context triple: [Dobbs v. Jackson Women’s Health Organization, dissentingOpinionBy, Elena Kagan]
-
A.
Sonia Sotomayor
Sonia Sotomayor is an Associate Justice of the U.S. Supreme Court, known for her liberal jurisprudence, powerful dissents, and status as the first Latina to serve on the nation’s highest court.
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B.
Amy Coney Barrett
Amy Coney Barrett is a conservative Associate Justice of the U.S. Supreme Court, appointed by President Donald Trump in 2020 and known for her originalist judicial philosophy.
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C.
Brett M. Kavanaugh
Brett M. Kavanaugh is an Associate Justice of the U.S. Supreme Court, appointed by President Donald Trump in 2018 and known for his conservative judicial philosophy.
-
D.
Ruth Bader Ginsburg
Ruth Bader Ginsburg was a pioneering American lawyer and jurist who served as an Associate Justice of the U.S. Supreme Court and became a leading advocate for gender equality and civil rights.
-
E.
Sandra Day O’Connor
Sandra Day O’Connor was the first woman appointed to the U.S. Supreme Court and a pivotal moderate conservative justice known for her influential swing votes in landmark cases.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Elena Kagan Target entity description: Elena Kagan is a U.S. Supreme Court Associate Justice, appointed in 2010, known for her incisive legal reasoning, influential dissents, and pragmatic liberal jurisprudence.
-
A.
Sonia Sotomayor
Sonia Sotomayor is an Associate Justice of the U.S. Supreme Court, known for her liberal jurisprudence, powerful dissents, and status as the first Latina to serve on the nation’s highest court.
-
B.
Amy Coney Barrett
Amy Coney Barrett is a conservative Associate Justice of the U.S. Supreme Court, appointed by President Donald Trump in 2020 and known for her originalist judicial philosophy.
-
C.
Brett M. Kavanaugh
Brett M. Kavanaugh is an Associate Justice of the U.S. Supreme Court, appointed by President Donald Trump in 2018 and known for his conservative judicial philosophy.
-
D.
Ruth Bader Ginsburg
Ruth Bader Ginsburg was a pioneering American lawyer and jurist who served as an Associate Justice of the U.S. Supreme Court and became a leading advocate for gender equality and civil rights.
-
E.
Sandra Day O’Connor
Sandra Day O’Connor was the first woman appointed to the U.S. Supreme Court and a pivotal moderate conservative justice known for her influential swing votes in landmark cases.
- F. None of above. chosen
Statements (47)
| Predicate | Object |
|---|---|
| instanceOf |
Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States
ⓘ
human ⓘ judge ⓘ lawyer ⓘ |
| academicDegree |
Bachelor of Arts
ⓘ
Juris Doctor ⓘ Master of Philosophy ⓘ |
| appointedBy |
Barack Obama
ⓘ
Bill Clinton ⓘ |
| countryOfCitizenship |
United States of America
ⓘ
surface form:
United States
|
| dateOfBirth | 1960-04-28 ⓘ |
| educatedAt |
Harvard Law School
ⓘ
Princeton University ⓘ Worcester College, Oxford ⓘ |
| employer | Supreme Court of the United States ⓘ |
| familyName | Kagan ⓘ |
| fieldOfStudy |
history
ⓘ
law ⓘ |
| givenName | Elena ⓘ |
| ideologicalOrientation | liberal jurisprudence ⓘ |
| knownFor |
incisive legal reasoning
ⓘ
influential dissents ⓘ pragmatic liberal jurisprudence ⓘ |
| languageSpoken | English ⓘ |
| memberOf | Supreme Court of the United States ⓘ |
| nominatedIn | 2010 ⓘ |
| notableCharacteristic |
conversational writing style in judicial opinions
ⓘ
skillful questioning during oral arguments ⓘ |
| notableWork | majority and dissenting opinions on the U.S. Supreme Court ⓘ |
| occupation |
jurist
ⓘ
lawyer ⓘ professor ⓘ |
| partOf | liberal wing of the Supreme Court of the United States ⓘ |
| placeOfBirth |
New York
ⓘ
New York City ⓘ United States of America ⓘ
surface form:
United States
|
| positionHeld | Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States ⓘ |
| previousPosition |
White House Counsel
ⓘ
surface form:
Associate White House Counsel
Dean of Harvard Law School ⓘ Deputy Director of the Domestic Policy Council ⓘ Professor at Harvard Law School ⓘ Solicitor General of the United States ⓘ |
| religion | Judaism ⓘ |
| residence | Washington, D.C. ⓘ |
| sexOrGender | female ⓘ |
| startTime | 2010-08-07 ⓘ |
| workLocation | Washington, D.C. ⓘ |
How these facts were elicited
The pipeline generated the facts above by prompting gpt-5.1 with this entity's name + description and the instruction below.
Instruction
You are a knowledge base construction expert. Given a subject entity and a description of it, return factual statements that you know for the subject as a JSON list of dictionaries(triples), where keys must be "subject", "predicate" and "object". The number of facts may be very high, between 25 to 50 or more, for very popular subjects. For less popular subjects, the number of facts can be very low, like 5 or 10. # Requirements - If you don't know the subject at all, return an empty list. - If the subject is not a named entity, return an empty list. - Include at least one triple where predicate is "instanceOf". - Do not get too wordy. - Separate several objects into multiple triples with one object.
Input
Subject: Elena Kagan Description of subject: Elena Kagan is a U.S. Supreme Court Associate Justice, appointed in 2010, known for her incisive legal reasoning, influential dissents, and pragmatic liberal jurisprudence.
Referenced by (57)
Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.
this entity surface form:
Justice Elena Kagan
Agency for International Development v. Alliance for Open Society International, Inc.
→
joinedByInMajority
→
Elena Kagan
ⓘ
this entity surface form:
Justice Elena Kagan
subject surface form:
United States v. Windsor