Islamic State of Iraq and Syria

E41227

Salafi-jihadist group jihadist militant group non-state armed group terrorist organization

The Islamic State of Iraq and Syria (ISIS) is a jihadist militant group and former self-proclaimed caliphate known for its extreme violence, terrorist attacks, and control of territory in Iraq and Syria during the 2010s.

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All labels observed (20)

Label	Occurrences
Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant	70
ISIL	12
Islamic State	11
Islamic State of Iraq and Syria canonical	9
Daesh	6
Islamic State of Iraq	5
Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant (ISIL)	2
Islamic State (ISIL)	1
Islamic State core territory in Iraq and Syria	1
Islamic State group	1
Islamic State group (ISIS)	1
Islamic State insurgency	1
Islamic State insurgency in Iraq	1
Islamic State of Iraq and al-Sham	1
Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant (historical period)	1
Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant in Libya	1
Islamic State operations in Iraq and Syria	1
Islamic state	1
self-proclaimed Islamic State caliphate	1
الدولة الإسلامية في العراق والشام	1

Statements (87)

Predicate	Object
instanceOf	Salafi-jihadist group ⓘ jihadist militant group ⓘ non-state armed group ⓘ terrorist organization ⓘ
capitalClaimed	Raqqa ⓘ
claimedCaliphate	2014 ⓘ
committedCrime	crimes against humanity ⓘ genocide against Yazidis (as recognized by several bodies) ⓘ war crimes ⓘ
controlledCity	Fallujah ⓘ Mosul ⓘ Raqqa ⓘ Tikrit ⓘ
controlledTerritoryPeak	large areas of eastern Syria ⓘ large areas of northern and western Iraq ⓘ
dateFounded	2013 ⓘ
declaredCaliph	Abu Bakr al-Baghdadi ⓘ
designatedTerroristBy	Australia ⓘ Canada ⓘ European Union ⓘ Russia ⓘ United Kingdom ⓘ United Nations ⓘ United States of America ⓘ surface form: United States many other countries ⓘ
emergedFrom	Iraqi insurgency (post-2003) ⓘ Syrian Civil War ⓘ
financingMethod	extortion ⓘ kidnapping for ransom ⓘ looting ⓘ oil smuggling ⓘ taxation in controlled areas ⓘ
foundedBy	Abu Bakr al-Baghdadi ⓘ surface form: Abu Bakr al-Baghdadi (as ISIS/ISIL) Abu Musab al-Zarqawi ⓘ surface form: Abu Musab al-Zarqawi (ideological and organizational predecessor)
goal	establishment of a caliphate ⓘ implementation of its interpretation of Sharia law ⓘ
hasAbbreviation	Islamic State of Iraq and Syria self-linksurface differs ⓘ surface form: Daesh IS ⓘ Islamic State of Iraq and Syria self-linksurface differs ⓘ surface form: ISIL ISIS ⓘ
hasAlternativeName	Islamic State of Iraq and Syria ⓘ surface form: Islamic State Islamic State of Iraq and Syria ⓘ surface form: Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant
hasBranch	Islamic State – Khorasan Province ⓘ Islamic State – Libya Province ⓘ Islamic State – Sinai Province ⓘ Islamic State – West Africa Province ⓘ Islamic State – Yemen Province ⓘ
hasEnglishName	Islamic State of Iraq and Syria self-link ⓘ
hasLeader	Abu Bakr al-Baghdadi ⓘ surface form: Abu Bakr al-Baghdadi (until 2019) Abu Ibrahim al-Hashimi al-Qurashi (2019–2022) ⓘ Abu al-Hasan al-Hashimi al-Qurashi (2022) ⓘ Abu al-Hussein al-Husseini al-Qurashi (reported successor) ⓘ
hasNativeName	Islamic State of Iraq and Syria self-linksurface differs ⓘ surface form: الدولة الإسلامية في العراق والشام
hasPredecessor	al-Qaeda in Iraq ⓘ surface form: Al-Qaeda in Iraq Islamic State of Iraq and Syria self-linksurface differs ⓘ surface form: Islamic State of Iraq
ideology	Islamic extremism ⓘ Salafi jihadism ⓘ Salafism ⓘ Wahhabism ⓘ surface form: Wahhabism (claimed)
knownFor	beheadings ⓘ destruction of cultural heritage ⓘ mass killings ⓘ suicide bombings ⓘ terrorist attacks worldwide ⓘ use of social media for recruitment ⓘ
lostLastTerritoryInSyria	2019 ⓘ
operatesIn	Afghanistan ⓘ Iraq ⓘ Libya ⓘ Nigeria ⓘ Sinai Peninsula ⓘ Syria ⓘ
opposedBy	Iran-led regional axis ⓘ surface form: Iran-backed militias Government of Iraq ⓘ surface form: Iraqi government Kurdish forces ⓘ Russia ⓘ Syrian government ⓘ United States-led coalition ⓘ
recruitsFrom	foreign fighters ⓘ local Sunni populations in Iraq and Syria ⓘ
religion	Sunni Islam ⓘ surface form: Sunni Islam (claimed)
territorialPeakYear	2014 ⓘ
usesTactic	guerrilla warfare ⓘ insurgency ⓘ online recruitment ⓘ propaganda ⓘ terrorism ⓘ

Referenced by (128)

Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.

Iraqi Security Forces → engagedAgainst → Islamic State of Iraq and Syria ⓘ

this entity surface form: Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant

Kurdish Peshmerga → opposedTo → Islamic State of Iraq and Syria ⓘ

this entity surface form: Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant

Battle of Mosul (2016–2017) → belligerent → Islamic State of Iraq and Syria ⓘ

this entity surface form: Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant

Battle of Mosul (2016–2017) → opponent → Islamic State of Iraq and Syria ⓘ

this entity surface form: Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant

The Terror Years: From al-Qaeda to the Islamic State → mainSubject → Islamic State of Iraq and Syria ⓘ

this entity surface form: Islamic State

The Terror Years: From al-Qaeda to the Islamic State → aboutOrganization → Islamic State of Iraq and Syria ⓘ

2016 Brussels bombings → perpetrator → Islamic State of Iraq and Syria ⓘ

this entity surface form: Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant

2016 Brussels bombings → perpetrator → Islamic State of Iraq and Syria ⓘ

this entity surface form: ISIL

2016 Brussels bombings → claimedBy → Islamic State of Iraq and Syria ⓘ

this entity surface form: Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant

Eastern Syria → controlledByAtVariousTimes → Islamic State of Iraq and Syria ⓘ

this entity surface form: Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant

Iraqi Civil War (2014–2017) → mainBelligerent → Islamic State of Iraq and Syria ⓘ

this entity surface form: Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant

Iraqi Civil War (2014–2017) → opponent → Islamic State of Iraq and Syria ⓘ

this entity surface form: Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant

Islamic State – West Africa Province → partOf → Islamic State of Iraq and Syria ⓘ

this entity surface form: Islamic State

Islamic State – West Africa Province → affiliateOf → Islamic State of Iraq and Syria ⓘ

United States-led coalition → formedToCombat → Islamic State of Iraq and Syria ⓘ

this entity surface form: Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant

United States-led coalition → formedToCombat → Islamic State of Iraq and Syria ⓘ

this entity surface form: ISIL

United States-led coalition → formedToCombat → Islamic State of Iraq and Syria ⓘ

this entity surface form: Daesh

Abu Ibrahim al-Hashimi al-Qurashi (2019–2022) → allegiance → Islamic State of Iraq and Syria ⓘ

subject surface form: Abu Ibrahim al-Hashimi al-Qurashi

this entity surface form: Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant

Abu Ibrahim al-Hashimi al-Qurashi (2019–2022) → allegiance → Islamic State of Iraq and Syria ⓘ

subject surface form: Abu Ibrahim al-Hashimi al-Qurashi

this entity surface form: Islamic State

Abu Ibrahim al-Hashimi al-Qurashi (2019–2022) → commanded → Islamic State of Iraq and Syria ⓘ

subject surface form: Abu Ibrahim al-Hashimi al-Qurashi

this entity surface form: Islamic State operations in Iraq and Syria

Abu Ibrahim al-Hashimi al-Qurashi (2019–2022) → memberOf → Islamic State of Iraq and Syria ⓘ

subject surface form: Abu Ibrahim al-Hashimi al-Qurashi

this entity surface form: Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant

Abu al-Hasan al-Hashimi al-Qurashi (2022) → memberOf → Islamic State of Iraq and Syria ⓘ

this entity surface form: Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant

Abu al-Hussein al-Husseini al-Qurashi (reported successor) → memberOf → Islamic State of Iraq and Syria ⓘ

subject surface form: Abu al-Hussein al-Husseini al-Qurashi

this entity surface form: Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant

Islamic State – Sinai Province → partOf → Islamic State of Iraq and Syria ⓘ

this entity surface form: Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant

Islamic State – Sinai Province → pledgedAllegianceTo → Islamic State of Iraq and Syria ⓘ

this entity surface form: Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant

Raqqa → controlledBy → Islamic State of Iraq and Syria ⓘ

Raqqa → deFactoCapitalOf → Islamic State of Iraq and Syria ⓘ

Islamic State – Libya Province → partOf → Islamic State of Iraq and Syria ⓘ

this entity surface form: Islamic State

Islamic State – Libya Province → parentOrganization → Islamic State of Iraq and Syria ⓘ

this entity surface form: Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant

Yazidis → persecutedBy → Islamic State of Iraq and Syria ⓘ

this entity surface form: Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant

Nineveh Plains → occupiedBy → Islamic State of Iraq and Syria ⓘ

this entity surface form: Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant

Sinjar → perpetratorOfAtrocities → Islamic State of Iraq and Syria ⓘ

this entity surface form: Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant

Sinjar → controlledBy → Islamic State of Iraq and Syria ⓘ

this entity surface form: Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant

2014 Sinjar massacre → perpetrator → Islamic State of Iraq and Syria ⓘ

this entity surface form: Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant

2014 Sinjar massacre → perpetrator → Islamic State of Iraq and Syria ⓘ

this entity surface form: ISIL

2014 Sinjar massacre → perpetrator → Islamic State of Iraq and Syria ⓘ

this entity surface form: Daesh

SDF → primaryOpponent → Islamic State of Iraq and Syria ⓘ

subject surface form: Syrian Democratic Forces

this entity surface form: Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant

Asayish → opposes → Islamic State of Iraq and Syria ⓘ

this entity surface form: Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant

Manbij → controlledBy → Islamic State of Iraq and Syria ⓘ

this entity surface form: Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant

Syrian Democratic Council → opposes → Islamic State of Iraq and Syria ⓘ

this entity surface form: Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant

Islamic State – Yemen Province → partOf → Islamic State of Iraq and Syria ⓘ

this entity surface form: Islamic State

Battle of Sirte (2016) → combatant → Islamic State of Iraq and Syria ⓘ

this entity surface form: Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant

Battle of Sirte (2016) → belligerentSide → Islamic State of Iraq and Syria ⓘ

this entity surface form: Islamic State (ISIL)

Operation Euphrates Shield → opponent → Islamic State of Iraq and Syria ⓘ

this entity surface form: Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant

Operation Euphrates Shield → opponent → Islamic State of Iraq and Syria ⓘ

this entity surface form: ISIL

Kalhu → destroyedOrDamagedBy → Islamic State of Iraq and Syria ⓘ

this entity surface form: Islamic State group (ISIS)

Islamic State central leadership → partOf → Islamic State of Iraq and Syria ⓘ

this entity surface form: Islamic State

Islamic State central leadership → appliesToJurisdiction → Islamic State of Iraq and Syria ⓘ

this entity surface form: Islamic State core territory in Iraq and Syria

Kirkuk → partOfConflict → Islamic State of Iraq and Syria ⓘ

this entity surface form: Islamic State insurgency in Iraq