Marrakesh Treaty to Facilitate Access to Published Works for Persons Who Are Blind, Visually Impaired or Otherwise Print Disabled

E402694

international copyright treaty

The Marrakesh Treaty is an international copyright agreement that requires countries to create exceptions and limitations enabling the production and cross-border exchange of accessible format copies of books and other works for people who are blind, visually impaired, or otherwise print disabled.

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All labels observed (2)

Label	Occurrences
Marrakesh Treaty to Facilitate Access to Published Works for Persons Who Are Blind, Visually Impaired or Otherwise Print Disabled canonical	2
Marrakesh Treaty	1

How this entity was disambiguated

This entity first appeared as the object of triple T3946141 — resolving that mention is where its identity was fixed. The disambiguator weighed these candidate entities and picked the highlighted one (or “None”, minting a new entity). This is how homonymy is resolved: the same surface form can point to different entities.

NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07

Target entity: Marrakesh Treaty to Facilitate Access to Published Works for Persons Who Are Blind, Visually Impaired or Otherwise Print Disabled
Context triple: [WIPO-administered treaties, includes, Marrakesh Treaty to Facilitate Access to Published Works for Persons Who Are Blind, Visually Impaired or Otherwise Print Disabled]

A. Optional Protocol to the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities
The Optional Protocol to the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities is an international treaty that establishes procedures allowing individuals and groups to submit complaints and enabling inquiries into grave or systematic violations of the rights of persons with disabilities.
B. WIPO Copyright Treaty
The WIPO Copyright Treaty is an international agreement that updates and strengthens copyright protection for authors in the digital environment, complementing existing global copyright conventions.
C. Berne Convention for the Protection of Literary and Artistic Works
The Berne Convention for the Protection of Literary and Artistic Works is an international agreement that sets minimum standards for copyright protection and ensures that authors’ rights are recognized across member countries without formal registration requirements.
D. Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities
The Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities is an international human rights treaty that aims to protect and promote the full and equal enjoyment of all human rights by persons with disabilities.
E. WIPO Performances and Phonograms Treaty
The WIPO Performances and Phonograms Treaty is an international copyright agreement that strengthens the rights of performers and producers of sound recordings in the digital environment.
F. None of above. chosen
G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.

NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07

Target entity: Marrakesh Treaty to Facilitate Access to Published Works for Persons Who Are Blind, Visually Impaired or Otherwise Print Disabled
Target entity description: The Marrakesh Treaty is an international copyright agreement that requires countries to create exceptions and limitations enabling the production and cross-border exchange of accessible format copies of books and other works for people who are blind, visually impaired, or otherwise print disabled.

A. Optional Protocol to the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities
The Optional Protocol to the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities is an international treaty that establishes procedures allowing individuals and groups to submit complaints and enabling inquiries into grave or systematic violations of the rights of persons with disabilities.
B. WIPO Copyright Treaty
The WIPO Copyright Treaty is an international agreement that updates and strengthens copyright protection for authors in the digital environment, complementing existing global copyright conventions.
C. Berne Convention for the Protection of Literary and Artistic Works
The Berne Convention for the Protection of Literary and Artistic Works is an international agreement that sets minimum standards for copyright protection and ensures that authors’ rights are recognized across member countries without formal registration requirements.
D. Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities
The Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities is an international human rights treaty that aims to protect and promote the full and equal enjoyment of all human rights by persons with disabilities.
E. WIPO Performances and Phonograms Treaty
The WIPO Performances and Phonograms Treaty is an international copyright agreement that strengthens the rights of performers and producers of sound recordings in the digital environment.
F. None of above. chosen

Statements (50)

Predicate	Object
instanceOf	international copyright treaty ⓘ
abbreviation	MVT ⓘ
administeredBy	World Intellectual Property Organization ⓘ
adoptedBy	diplomatic conference convened by WIPO ⓘ
adoptedIn	Marrakesh ⓘ
aimsTo	address the global book famine for print-disabled persons ⓘ facilitate access to published works for persons who are blind, visually impaired or otherwise print disabled ⓘ
appliesTo	books ⓘ other literary works ⓘ
beneficiaries	persons who are blind ⓘ persons who are otherwise print disabled ⓘ persons with visual impairments ⓘ
characterizedAs	human rights–oriented copyright treaty ⓘ
dateAdopted	2013-06-27 ⓘ
defines	authorized entities that serve beneficiaries ⓘ
enteredIntoForce	2016-09-30 ⓘ
field	copyright law ⓘ international intellectual property law ⓘ
geographicalScope	global ⓘ
hasProvision	Article 4 on national exceptions and limitations ⓘ Article 5 on cross-border exchange of accessible format copies ⓘ Article 6 on importation of accessible format copies ⓘ Article 7 on obligations concerning technological measures ⓘ Article 8 on respect for privacy ⓘ
language	Arabic ⓘ Chinese ⓘ English ⓘ French ⓘ Russian ⓘ Spanish ⓘ
legalNature	multilateral treaty ⓘ
negotiatedUnder	auspices of WIPO Standing Committee on Copyright and Related Rights ⓘ
obligesStatesTo	allow authorized entities to make accessible format copies without authorization of the rightsholder ⓘ allow export of accessible format copies to other contracting parties ⓘ allow import of accessible format copies from other contracting parties ⓘ
openedForSignature	2013-06-27 ⓘ
partOf	international copyright system ⓘ
placeSigned	Marrakesh ⓘ surface form: Marrakesh, Morocco
protectsInterestOf	persons with print disabilities over exclusive rights of copyright holders ⓘ
relatedTo	Berne Convention for the Protection of Literary and Artistic Works ⓘ Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities ⓘ WIPO Copyright Treaty ⓘ
requires	cross-border exchange of accessible format copies ⓘ limitations and exceptions to copyright for accessible format copies ⓘ
requiresImplementationBy	contracting parties ⓘ
shortName	Marrakesh Treaty to Facilitate Access to Published Works for Persons Who Are Blind, Visually Impaired or Otherwise Print Disabled self-linksurface differs ⓘ surface form: Marrakesh Treaty
subject	access to published works ⓘ disability rights ⓘ
supports	right to read for persons with disabilities ⓘ
typeOfException	mandatory minimum exceptions for beneficiaries ⓘ

How these facts were elicited

Referenced by (3)

Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.

WIPO-administered treaties → includes → Marrakesh Treaty to Facilitate Access to Published Works for Persons Who Are Blind, Visually Impaired or Otherwise Print Disabled ⓘ

WIPO member states → canJoin → Marrakesh Treaty to Facilitate Access to Published Works for Persons Who Are Blind, Visually Impaired or Otherwise Print Disabled ⓘ

Marrakesh Treaty to Facilitate Access to Published Works for Persons Who Are Blind, Visually Impaired or Otherwise Print Disabled → shortName → Marrakesh Treaty to Facilitate Access to Published Works for Persons Who Are Blind, Visually Impaired or Otherwise Print Disabled self-linksurface differs ⓘ

this entity surface form: Marrakesh Treaty

All labels observed (2)

How this entity was disambiguated Show

Statements (50)

How these facts were elicited Show

Referenced by (3)

How this entity was disambiguated

How these facts were elicited