2008 Kosi flood
E370120
The 2008 Kosi flood was a catastrophic river flood in northern India and Nepal that displaced millions of people and caused widespread destruction when the Kosi River dramatically changed its course.
All labels observed (1)
| Label | Occurrences |
|---|---|
| 2008 Kosi flood canonical | 1 |
How this entity was disambiguated
This entity first appeared as the object of triple T3578452 — resolving that mention is where its identity was fixed. The disambiguator weighed these candidate entities and picked the highlighted one (or “None”, minting a new entity). This is how homonymy is resolved: the same surface form can point to different entities.
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: 2008 Kosi flood Context triple: [Koshi River, notableFloodEvent, 2008 Kosi flood]
-
A.
Great Flood of 1879
The Great Flood of 1879 was a catastrophic inundation of the city of Szeged in Hungary that destroyed most of the town and prompted a major reconstruction.
-
B.
The Great Flood of 1852
The Great Flood of 1852 was a catastrophic inundation of the Murrumbidgee River that devastated the Australian town of Gundagai, causing extensive loss of life and prompting the town’s relocation to higher ground.
-
C.
2003 Dead River flood
The 2003 Dead River flood was a major dam-failure-induced flooding event in Michigan’s Upper Peninsula that caused significant damage in and around the city of Marquette.
-
D.
Oder flood of 1997
The Oder flood of 1997 was a catastrophic Central European flood that devastated large areas of Poland, Germany, and the Czech Republic, causing widespread damage and loss of life along the Oder River basin.
-
E.
1997 Red River flood
The 1997 Red River flood was a catastrophic spring flood along the Red River of the North that devastated communities in North Dakota, Minnesota, and Manitoba, causing widespread evacuations and extensive property damage.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: 2008 Kosi flood Target entity description: The 2008 Kosi flood was a catastrophic river flood in northern India and Nepal that displaced millions of people and caused widespread destruction when the Kosi River dramatically changed its course.
-
A.
Great Flood of 1879
The Great Flood of 1879 was a catastrophic inundation of the city of Szeged in Hungary that destroyed most of the town and prompted a major reconstruction.
-
B.
The Great Flood of 1852
The Great Flood of 1852 was a catastrophic inundation of the Murrumbidgee River that devastated the Australian town of Gundagai, causing extensive loss of life and prompting the town’s relocation to higher ground.
-
C.
2003 Dead River flood
The 2003 Dead River flood was a major dam-failure-induced flooding event in Michigan’s Upper Peninsula that caused significant damage in and around the city of Marquette.
-
D.
Oder flood of 1997
The Oder flood of 1997 was a catastrophic Central European flood that devastated large areas of Poland, Germany, and the Czech Republic, causing widespread damage and loss of life along the Oder River basin.
-
E.
1997 Red River flood
The 1997 Red River flood was a catastrophic spring flood along the Red River of the North that devastated communities in North Dakota, Minnesota, and Manitoba, causing widespread evacuations and extensive property damage.
- F. None of above. chosen
Statements (47)
| Predicate | Object |
|---|---|
| instanceOf |
flood in India
ⓘ
flood in Nepal ⓘ natural disaster ⓘ river flood ⓘ |
| affectedArea |
Kosi river region
ⓘ
surface form:
Kosi river basin
north Bihar plains ⓘ |
| affectedPopulation | millions of people ⓘ |
| cause |
breach of Kosi embankment
ⓘ
change in course of Kosi River ⓘ |
| coordinateSystem | Kosi River delta region ⓘ |
| country |
India
ⓘ
Nepal ⓘ |
| disasterType | hydrological disaster ⓘ |
| emergencyResponse |
assistance from international aid agencies
ⓘ
relief operations by Government of India ⓘ relief operations by Government of Nepal ⓘ |
| environmentalEffect |
deposition of silt on agricultural land
ⓘ
river course alteration ⓘ |
| floodType | riverine flood ⓘ |
| hasAftermath |
long-term displacement of communities
ⓘ
policy debates on embankment safety ⓘ rehabilitation and resettlement programs ⓘ |
| hasConsequence |
economic losses in affected regions
ⓘ
loss of human lives ⓘ spread of water-borne diseases ⓘ |
| impact |
damage to agriculture
ⓘ
damage to infrastructure ⓘ mass displacement of population ⓘ widespread destruction of property ⓘ |
| locatedInAdministrativeTerritorialEntity |
Bihar
ⓘ
Saptari District ⓘ Sunsari District ⓘ |
| locatedInRegion |
eastern Nepal
ⓘ
northern India ⓘ |
| mainRiver |
Kosi
ⓘ
surface form:
Kosi River
|
| mediaCoverage |
international news outlets
ⓘ
national media in India ⓘ |
| notableFor |
dramatic avulsion of Kosi River
ⓘ
large-scale humanitarian crisis ⓘ |
| partOf | monsoon floods in the Indian subcontinent ⓘ |
| partOfSeries |
Kosi river region
ⓘ
surface form:
Kosi River floods
|
| relatedTo |
India–Nepal water management
ⓘ
Kosi Barrage ⓘ
surface form:
Kosi River embankment system
flood management in Bihar ⓘ |
| significantEvent | breach near Kusaha in Nepal ⓘ |
| startTime | August 2008 ⓘ |
| timePeriod | 21st century ⓘ |
How these facts were elicited
The pipeline generated the facts above by prompting gpt-5.1 with this entity's name + description and the instruction below.
Instruction
You are a knowledge base construction expert. Given a subject entity and a description of it, return factual statements that you know for the subject as a JSON list of dictionaries(triples), where keys must be "subject", "predicate" and "object". The number of facts may be very high, between 25 to 50 or more, for very popular subjects. For less popular subjects, the number of facts can be very low, like 5 or 10. # Requirements - If you don't know the subject at all, return an empty list. - If the subject is not a named entity, return an empty list. - Include at least one triple where predicate is "instanceOf". - Do not get too wordy. - Separate several objects into multiple triples with one object.
Input
Subject: 2008 Kosi flood Description of subject: The 2008 Kosi flood was a catastrophic river flood in northern India and Nepal that displaced millions of people and caused widespread destruction when the Kosi River dramatically changed its course.
Referenced by (1)
Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.