Gell-Mann–Nishijima formula
E33750
The Gell-Mann–Nishijima formula is a key relation in particle physics that connects a particle’s electric charge to its isospin and hypercharge, helping classify hadrons within the quark model.
Statements (42)
| Predicate | Object |
|---|---|
| instanceOf |
physical law
→
relation in particle physics → |
| alternativeForm |
Q = I3 + (B + S)/2
→
|
| appliesTo |
baryons
→
hadrons → mesons → |
| assumes |
isospin SU(2) symmetry
→
|
| category |
conservation law relation
→
|
| connects |
electric charge
→
hypercharge → isospin → |
| field |
particle physics
→
|
| framework |
hadron spectroscopy
→
|
| generalizedIn |
flavor SU(3) symmetry
→
|
| helpsExplain |
charge patterns of hadron multiplets
→
structure of isospin multiplets → |
| historicalContext |
developed before full quark model
→
|
| hyperchargeDefinition |
Y = B + S + C + B′ + T
→
|
| implies |
quantization of electric charge in hadrons
→
|
| includesQuantumNumber |
baryon number B
→
bottomness B′ → charm C → strangeness S → topness T → |
| mathematicalForm |
Q = I3 + Y/2
→
|
| namedAfter |
Kazuhiko Nishijima
→
Murray Gell-Mann → |
| relatedConcept |
electric charge
→
hypercharge → isospin → quark flavor quantum numbers → |
| relatesQuantity |
electric charge Q
→
third component of isospin I3 → weak hypercharge Y → |
| status |
standard relation in the quark model
→
|
| usedFor |
classification of hadrons
→
|
| usedIn |
classification of baryon octet
→
classification of meson octet → quark model → |
| usedToDetermine |
electric charge from quantum numbers
→
hypercharge from observed charges and isospin → |
| validFor |
strongly interacting particles
→
|
Referenced by (1)
| Subject (surface form when different) | Predicate |
|---|---|
|
Murray Gell-Mann
→
|
knownFor |