Black July
E335764
Black July was a series of anti-Tamil pogroms in Sri Lanka in July 1983 that marked a major escalation of ethnic violence and is widely seen as the catalyst for the full-scale Sri Lankan Civil War.
All labels observed (1)
| Label | Occurrences |
|---|---|
| Black July canonical | 3 |
How this entity was disambiguated
This entity first appeared as the object of triple T3205850 — resolving that mention is where its identity was fixed. The disambiguator weighed these candidate entities and picked the highlighted one (or “None”, minting a new entity). This is how homonymy is resolved: the same surface form can point to different entities.
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Black July Context triple: [Sri Lankan Civil War, notableEvent, Black July]
-
A.
White Terror
White Terror refers to the campaign of political repression, mass executions, and violence carried out by anti-Bolshevik forces and their allies during the Russian Civil War.
-
B.
Day of Revolt
Day of Revolt refers to the mass nationwide protests that erupted in Egypt on January 25, 2011, marking the dramatic beginning of the Egyptian Revolution against President Hosni Mubarak’s regime.
-
C.
Day of the Barricades
The Day of the Barricades was a 1588 uprising in Paris during the French Wars of Religion, when Catholic League supporters rebelled against King Henry III, dramatically weakening royal authority.
-
D.
Imo Military Uprising
The Imo Military Uprising was a 1907 mutiny by Korean soldiers in the late Joseon Dynasty protesting military reforms and foreign influence, which escalated into violent unrest in Seoul.
-
E.
Uprising
Uprising is a 1980 reggae album by Bob Marley and the Wailers, known for its spiritual themes and including the iconic track "Redemption Song."
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Black July Target entity description: Black July was a series of anti-Tamil pogroms in Sri Lanka in July 1983 that marked a major escalation of ethnic violence and is widely seen as the catalyst for the full-scale Sri Lankan Civil War.
-
A.
White Terror
White Terror refers to the campaign of political repression, mass executions, and violence carried out by anti-Bolshevik forces and their allies during the Russian Civil War.
-
B.
Day of Revolt
Day of Revolt refers to the mass nationwide protests that erupted in Egypt on January 25, 2011, marking the dramatic beginning of the Egyptian Revolution against President Hosni Mubarak’s regime.
-
C.
Day of the Barricades
The Day of the Barricades was a 1588 uprising in Paris during the French Wars of Religion, when Catholic League supporters rebelled against King Henry III, dramatically weakening royal authority.
-
D.
Imo Military Uprising
The Imo Military Uprising was a 1907 mutiny by Korean soldiers in the late Joseon Dynasty protesting military reforms and foreign influence, which escalated into violent unrest in Seoul.
-
E.
Uprising
Uprising is a 1980 reggae album by Bob Marley and the Wailers, known for its spiritual themes and including the iconic track "Redemption Song."
- F. None of above. chosen
Statements (48)
| Predicate | Object |
|---|---|
| instanceOf |
anti-Tamil riot
ⓘ
ethnic violence event ⓘ historical event ⓘ pogrom ⓘ |
| alsoKnownAs | Black Riots ⓘ |
| commemoratedBy |
Sri Lankan Tamils
ⓘ
surface form:
Sri Lankan Tamil diaspora
|
| commemoratedOn | July 24 ⓘ |
| country | Sri Lanka ⓘ |
| followedBy |
Sri Lankan Civil War
ⓘ
surface form:
full-scale Sri Lankan Civil War
|
| governmentInPower |
J. R. Jayewardene
ⓘ
surface form:
J. R. Jayewardene administration
|
| hasCause |
ambush of Sri Lankan Army patrol in Jaffna
ⓘ
ethnic tensions between Sinhalese and Tamils ⓘ |
| hasEndTime | 1983-07-29 ⓘ |
| hasImmediateCause | killing of 13 Sri Lankan soldiers by LTTE ⓘ |
| hasParticipant |
Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam
ⓘ
Sri Lanka Army ⓘ Sri Lanka Police ⓘ United National Party ⓘ
surface form:
United National Party government
|
| hasSinhalaName | කළු ජූලි ⓘ |
| hasStartTime | 1983-07-24 ⓘ |
| hasTamilName | கருப்பு ஜூலை ⓘ |
| hasTimePeriod | July 1983 ⓘ |
| languageOfName | English ⓘ |
| location |
Batticaloa
ⓘ
Colombo ⓘ Jaffna ⓘ Kandy ⓘ Trincomalee ⓘ |
| mainVictim | Sri Lankan Tamils ⓘ |
| numberOfBusinessesDestroyed | thousands ⓘ |
| numberOfDeaths |
about 1000
ⓘ
between 400 and 3000 ⓘ |
| numberOfDisplacedPersons |
about 150000
ⓘ
between 100000 and 150000 ⓘ |
| numberOfHousesDestroyed | thousands ⓘ |
| partOf | Sri Lankan Civil War history ⓘ |
| perpetrator |
Sinhalese mobs
ⓘ
United National Party ⓘ
surface form:
United National Party supporters
elements of Sri Lankan security forces ⓘ |
| result |
escalation of Sri Lankan Civil War
ⓘ
international condemnation of Sri Lankan government ⓘ mass exodus of Sri Lankan Tamils abroad ⓘ radicalization of Tamil youth ⓘ strengthening of LTTE ⓘ |
| significance |
catalyst for Tamil diaspora formation
ⓘ
turning point in Sri Lanka ethnic conflict ⓘ |
| topicOf |
human rights reports
ⓘ
truth and reconciliation discussions in Sri Lanka ⓘ |
How these facts were elicited
The pipeline generated the facts above by prompting gpt-5.1 with this entity's name + description and the instruction below.
Instruction
You are a knowledge base construction expert. Given a subject entity and a description of it, return factual statements that you know for the subject as a JSON list of dictionaries(triples), where keys must be "subject", "predicate" and "object". The number of facts may be very high, between 25 to 50 or more, for very popular subjects. For less popular subjects, the number of facts can be very low, like 5 or 10. # Requirements - If you don't know the subject at all, return an empty list. - If the subject is not a named entity, return an empty list. - Include at least one triple where predicate is "instanceOf". - Do not get too wordy. - Separate several objects into multiple triples with one object.
Input
Subject: Black July Description of subject: Black July was a series of anti-Tamil pogroms in Sri Lanka in July 1983 that marked a major escalation of ethnic violence and is widely seen as the catalyst for the full-scale Sri Lankan Civil War.
Referenced by (3)
Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.