oil-drop experiment

E331182

The oil-drop experiment was a landmark early 20th-century physics experiment that measured the elementary electric charge of the electron by observing tiny charged oil droplets suspended in an electric field.

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Predicate Object
instanceOf landmark experiment in physics
measurement of elementary charge
physics experiment
alsoKnownAs oil-drop experiment
surface form: Millikan oil-drop experiment
awardedRecognition Nobel Prize in Physics
surface form: Nobel Prize in Physics 1923 to Robert A. Millikan
country United States of America
demonstrated quantization of electric charge
endDate 1910
era early 20th century
field physics
hasUncertainty systematic errors later discussed by historians of science
influenced development of quantum theory
precision measurements in particle physics
keyConcept Brownian motion
electric charge
electric force
gravitational force
viscous drag
leadResearcher Robert A. Millikan
surface form: Robert Andrews Millikan
location University of Chicago
measuredQuantity electron charge
elementary charge
performedBy Harvey Fletcher
Robert A. Millikan
surface form: Robert Andrews Millikan
primaryPurpose measurement of the elementary electric charge
relatedTo electron
elementary charge
photoelectric effect experiments
resultedIn improved value of Avogadro constant
precise value of the elementary charge
startDate 1909
subfield atomic physics
electromagnetism
experimental physics
supportedTheory atomic theory of matter
existence of discrete electrons
usedMethod Stokes law for viscous drag
balancing gravitational and electric forces
statistical analysis of multiple droplets
terminal velocity measurement
usedObject X-ray source to ionize air
atomizer to spray oil
capacitor plates
charged oil droplets
electric field between plates
horizontal metal plates
light source for illumination
microscope for observation
stopwatch
tiny oil droplets
vacuum chamber or enclosed chamber

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Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.

Robert A. Millikan knownFor oil-drop experiment
Robert A. Millikan knownFor oil-drop experiment
this entity surface form: Millikan oil-drop apparatus
oil-drop experiment alsoKnownAs oil-drop experiment
this entity surface form: Millikan oil-drop experiment
The Electron describes oil-drop experiment
this entity surface form: Millikan oil-drop experiment