French invasion of Russia
E33005
The French invasion of Russia was Napoleon Bonaparte’s disastrous 1812 military campaign, marked by the Grande Armée’s deep advance into Russian territory, the burning of Moscow, and a devastating retreat that crippled French power in Europe.
All labels observed (18)
How this entity was disambiguated
This entity first appeared as the object of triple T231939 — resolving that mention is where its identity was fixed. The disambiguator weighed these candidate entities and picked the highlighted one (or “None”, minting a new entity). This is how homonymy is resolved: the same surface form can point to different entities.
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: French invasion of Russia Context triple: [Napoleonic Wars, hasPart, French invasion of Russia]
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A.
War of the Sixth Coalition
The War of the Sixth Coalition was a major 1813–1814 European conflict in which a broad alliance of powers, including Russia, Prussia, Austria, Britain, and others, defeated Napoleon and led to his first abdication and exile to Elba.
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B.
War of the Fourth Coalition
The War of the Fourth Coalition was a 1806–1807 conflict in which Prussia, Russia, Saxony, Sweden, and Britain unsuccessfully fought against Napoleon’s French Empire, highlighted by decisive French victories such as the Battle of Jena–Auerstedt and culminating in the Treaties of Tilsit.
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C.
War of the Seventh Coalition
The War of the Seventh Coalition was the final major conflict against Napoleon in 1815, culminating in his defeat at the Battle of Waterloo and the end of his rule.
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D.
Battle of Borodino
The Battle of Borodino was a major 1812 clash between Napoleon’s Grande Armée and Russian forces near Moscow, remembered as one of the bloodiest single-day battles of the Napoleonic Wars and a pivotal moment in the French invasion of Russia.
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E.
Caucasus campaign
The Caucasus campaign was a major theater of the Crimean War in which Russian and Ottoman forces, along with local allies, fought for control of the strategically vital Caucasus region.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: French invasion of Russia Target entity description: The French invasion of Russia was Napoleon Bonaparte’s disastrous 1812 military campaign, marked by the Grande Armée’s deep advance into Russian territory, the burning of Moscow, and a devastating retreat that crippled French power in Europe.
-
A.
War of the Sixth Coalition
The War of the Sixth Coalition was a major 1813–1814 European conflict in which a broad alliance of powers, including Russia, Prussia, Austria, Britain, and others, defeated Napoleon and led to his first abdication and exile to Elba.
-
B.
War of the Fourth Coalition
The War of the Fourth Coalition was a 1806–1807 conflict in which Prussia, Russia, Saxony, Sweden, and Britain unsuccessfully fought against Napoleon’s French Empire, highlighted by decisive French victories such as the Battle of Jena–Auerstedt and culminating in the Treaties of Tilsit.
-
C.
War of the Seventh Coalition
The War of the Seventh Coalition was the final major conflict against Napoleon in 1815, culminating in his defeat at the Battle of Waterloo and the end of his rule.
-
D.
Battle of Borodino
The Battle of Borodino was a major 1812 clash between Napoleon’s Grande Armée and Russian forces near Moscow, remembered as one of the bloodiest single-day battles of the Napoleonic Wars and a pivotal moment in the French invasion of Russia.
-
E.
Caucasus campaign
The Caucasus campaign was a major theater of the Crimean War in which Russian and Ottoman forces, along with local allies, fought for control of the strategically vital Caucasus region.
- F. None of above. chosen
Statements (51)
| Predicate | Object |
|---|---|
| instanceOf |
Napoleonic Wars campaign
ⓘ
invasion ⓘ military campaign ⓘ |
| alsoKnownAs |
Patriotic War of 1812
ⓘ
French invasion of Russia ⓘ
surface form:
Russian campaign of 1812
|
| armyInvolved |
French Army
ⓘ
surface form:
Grande Armée
|
| belligerent |
First French Empire
ⓘ
Russian Empire ⓘ |
| capitalCaptured | Moscow ⓘ |
| capitalStatus | Moscow largely abandoned and burned on French arrival ⓘ |
| casualtiesAndLosses |
heavy Russian military and civilian losses
ⓘ
hundreds of thousands of French and allied troops lost ⓘ |
| cause |
Napoleon’s desire to compel Russia to comply with the Continental System
ⓘ
deterioration of Franco-Russian alliance after Treaty of Tilsit ⓘ |
| commander |
Mikhail Barclay de Tolly
ⓘ
surface form:
Barclay de Tolly
Mikhail Kutuzov ⓘ Napoleon Bonaparte ⓘ Pyotr Bagration ⓘ Alexander I of Russia ⓘ
surface form:
Tsar Alexander I of Russia
|
| countryInvaded | Russia ⓘ |
| countryInvading | France ⓘ |
| depictedIn |
War and Peace
ⓘ
surface form:
War and Peace by Leo Tolstoy
|
| endDate | 1812-12-14 ⓘ |
| historicalSignificance |
demonstrated the impact of climate and logistics on warfare
ⓘ
inspired numerous works of art and literature ⓘ marked the beginning of Napoleon’s downfall ⓘ |
| keyBattle |
Battle of Borodino
ⓘ
Battle of Maloyaroslavets ⓘ Battle of Smolensk ⓘ crossing of the Berezina River ⓘ
surface form:
Battle of the Berezina
|
| location | Russian Empire ⓘ |
| notableEvent |
Battle of Borodino
ⓘ
Battle of Smolensk ⓘ burning of Moscow ⓘ capture of Moscow by French forces ⓘ crossing of the Berezina River ⓘ crossing of the Niemen River by the Grande Armée ⓘ retreat from Moscow ⓘ |
| partOf | Napoleonic Wars ⓘ |
| result |
decisive Russian victory
ⓘ
destruction of much of the French Grande Armée ⓘ formation of the Sixth Coalition ⓘ major turning point in the Napoleonic Wars ⓘ weakening of French hegemony in Europe ⓘ |
| startDate | 1812-06-24 ⓘ |
| strategyUsedByFrench | rapid advance to force a decisive battle ⓘ |
| strategyUsedByRussians |
scorched earth policy
ⓘ
strategic withdrawal into the interior ⓘ |
| strengthOfFrenchForces |
often estimated around 600000 including allies
ⓘ
over 400000 soldiers at the start ⓘ |
| strengthOfRussianForces | over 200000 soldiers initially ⓘ |
How these facts were elicited
The pipeline generated the facts above by prompting gpt-5.1 with this entity's name + description and the instruction below.
Instruction
You are a knowledge base construction expert. Given a subject entity and a description of it, return factual statements that you know for the subject as a JSON list of dictionaries(triples), where keys must be "subject", "predicate" and "object". The number of facts may be very high, between 25 to 50 or more, for very popular subjects. For less popular subjects, the number of facts can be very low, like 5 or 10. # Requirements - If you don't know the subject at all, return an empty list. - If the subject is not a named entity, return an empty list. - Include at least one triple where predicate is "instanceOf". - Do not get too wordy. - Separate several objects into multiple triples with one object.
Input
Subject: French invasion of Russia Description of subject: The French invasion of Russia was Napoleon Bonaparte’s disastrous 1812 military campaign, marked by the Grande Armée’s deep advance into Russian territory, the burning of Moscow, and a devastating retreat that crippled French power in Europe.
Referenced by (80)
Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.
this entity surface form:
Napoleon’s 1812 retreat from Russia
subject surface form:
Mikhail Illarionovich Golenishchev-Kutuzov
this entity surface form:
French invasion of Russia (1812)
this entity surface form:
Russian campaign of 1812
this entity surface form:
Russian campaign of 1812
this entity surface form:
Russian campaign of 1812
subject surface form:
La Garde
this entity surface form:
Russian campaign of 1812
this entity surface form:
Russian campaign
this entity surface form:
French invasion of Russia (1812)
this entity surface form:
French invasion of Russia (1812)
this entity surface form:
Napoleon’s 1812 campaign
this entity surface form:
Napoleon’s retreat from Moscow
this entity surface form:
French invasion of Russia of 1812
this entity surface form:
Russian campaign of 1812
this entity surface form:
Russian campaign of 1812
this entity surface form:
French invasion of Russia in 1812
this entity surface form:
French invasion of Russia in 1812
this entity surface form:
Napoleon’s Russian campaign of 1812