Public Law 106-102
E324223
Public Law 106-102 is the formal designation of the Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act of 1999, a major U.S. financial services law that deregulated parts of the banking industry and established new consumer privacy protections.
All labels observed (1)
| Label | Occurrences |
|---|---|
| Public Law 106-102 canonical | 1 |
How this entity was disambiguated
This entity first appeared as the object of triple T3031968 — resolving that mention is where its identity was fixed. The disambiguator weighed these candidate entities and picked the highlighted one (or “None”, minting a new entity). This is how homonymy is resolved: the same surface form can point to different entities.
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Public Law 106-102 Context triple: [Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act of 1999, publicLawNumber, Public Law 106-102]
-
A.
Public Law 102-166
Public Law 102-166 is the formal designation of the Civil Rights Act of 1991, a U.S. federal law that strengthened and expanded protections against employment discrimination.
-
B.
Public Law 104-106
Public Law 104-106 is a 1996 U.S. defense authorization statute that, among many provisions, established key authorities and requirements for the Department of Defense, including the management and oversight of the Chemical Demilitarization Program.
-
C.
Public Law 106-50
Public Law 106-50 is a U.S. federal statute enacted in 1999 to expand and strengthen federal contracting and business development opportunities for service-disabled veteran-owned small businesses.
-
D.
Public Law 106-274
Public Law 106-274 is a U.S. federal statute enacted in 2000 that protects religious freedom in land use regulations and for individuals in institutions such as prisons and mental health facilities.
-
E.
Public Law 105-206
Public Law 105-206 is a major 1998 U.S. federal statute that overhauled the Internal Revenue Service, strengthened taxpayer rights, and implemented significant tax administration reforms.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Public Law 106-102 Target entity description: Public Law 106-102 is the formal designation of the Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act of 1999, a major U.S. financial services law that deregulated parts of the banking industry and established new consumer privacy protections.
-
A.
Public Law 102-166
Public Law 102-166 is the formal designation of the Civil Rights Act of 1991, a U.S. federal law that strengthened and expanded protections against employment discrimination.
-
B.
Public Law 104-106
Public Law 104-106 is a 1996 U.S. defense authorization statute that, among many provisions, established key authorities and requirements for the Department of Defense, including the management and oversight of the Chemical Demilitarization Program.
-
C.
Public Law 106-50
Public Law 106-50 is a U.S. federal statute enacted in 1999 to expand and strengthen federal contracting and business development opportunities for service-disabled veteran-owned small businesses.
-
D.
Public Law 106-274
Public Law 106-274 is a U.S. federal statute enacted in 2000 that protects religious freedom in land use regulations and for individuals in institutions such as prisons and mental health facilities.
-
E.
Public Law 105-206
Public Law 105-206 is a major 1998 U.S. federal statute that overhauled the Internal Revenue Service, strengthened taxpayer rights, and implemented significant tax administration reforms.
- F. None of above. chosen
Statements (50)
| Predicate | Object |
|---|---|
| instanceOf |
United States federal statute
ⓘ
financial services law ⓘ |
| administeredBy |
Federal Trade Commission
ⓘ
Securities and Exchange Commission ⓘ federal banking agencies ⓘ state insurance regulators ⓘ |
| chamberOfOrigin | United States Senate ⓘ |
| congressNumber | 106th United States Congress ⓘ |
| containsProvision |
Pretexting provisions
ⓘ
HIPAA Privacy Rule ⓘ
surface form:
Privacy Rule
Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act of 1999 ⓘ
surface form:
Safeguards Rule
|
| country |
United States of America
ⓘ
surface form:
United States
|
| dateSigned | 1999-11-12 ⓘ |
| effect |
allowed banks to affiliate with securities and insurance firms
ⓘ
created new privacy notice requirements for financial institutions ⓘ created opt-out rights for consumers regarding sharing of certain personal financial information ⓘ deregulated parts of the U.S. banking industry ⓘ imposed safeguards obligations on financial institutions to protect customer information ⓘ permitted creation of financial holding companies ⓘ |
| enables | creation of financial holding companies under the Bank Holding Company Act ⓘ |
| hasAlternativeName |
Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act of 1999
ⓘ
surface form:
Financial Services Modernization Act of 1999
|
| hasLongTermImpact |
established baseline federal standards for financial privacy in the United States
ⓘ
increased consolidation in the U.S. financial services industry ⓘ |
| hasOfficialName |
Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act of 1999
ⓘ
surface form:
Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act
|
| hasShortName |
Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act of 1999
ⓘ
surface form:
GLBA
|
| jurisdiction |
United States government
ⓘ
surface form:
United States federal government
|
| partyOfSigner |
Democratic Party
ⓘ
surface form:
Democratic Party (United States)
|
| primarySponsors |
Jim Leach
ⓘ
Phil Gramm ⓘ Thomas J. Bliley Jr. ⓘ |
| publicLawNumber | 106-102 ⓘ |
| purpose |
allow affiliations among banks, securities firms, and insurance companies
ⓘ
establish standards for the protection of consumers’ nonpublic personal information ⓘ modernize financial services regulation in the United States ⓘ repeal key provisions of the Glass-Steagall Act ⓘ |
| regulates |
banks
ⓘ
financial institutions ⓘ insurance companies ⓘ securities firms ⓘ |
| repealsPartOf |
Bank Holding Company Act of 1956
ⓘ
Glass–Steagall Act ⓘ
surface form:
Glass-Steagall Act
|
| sector | financial sector ⓘ |
| signedBy | Bill Clinton ⓘ |
| subjectMatter |
banking regulation
ⓘ
consumer financial privacy ⓘ financial services ⓘ insurance regulation ⓘ securities regulation ⓘ |
| titleOfStatutesAtLarge | 113 Stat. 1338 ⓘ |
| yearEnacted | 1999 ⓘ |
How these facts were elicited
The pipeline generated the facts above by prompting gpt-5.1 with this entity's name + description and the instruction below.
Instruction
You are a knowledge base construction expert. Given a subject entity and a description of it, return factual statements that you know for the subject as a JSON list of dictionaries(triples), where keys must be "subject", "predicate" and "object". The number of facts may be very high, between 25 to 50 or more, for very popular subjects. For less popular subjects, the number of facts can be very low, like 5 or 10. # Requirements - If you don't know the subject at all, return an empty list. - If the subject is not a named entity, return an empty list. - Include at least one triple where predicate is "instanceOf". - Do not get too wordy. - Separate several objects into multiple triples with one object.
Input
Subject: Public Law 106-102 Description of subject: Public Law 106-102 is the formal designation of the Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act of 1999, a major U.S. financial services law that deregulated parts of the banking industry and established new consumer privacy protections.
Referenced by (1)
Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.