Gaussian curvature

E29546

Gaussian curvature is a fundamental concept in differential geometry that measures how a surface bends at a point by combining its principal curvatures into a single intrinsic quantity.


Statements (47)
Predicate Object
instanceOf curvature invariant
differential geometry concept
scalar field on a surface
appearsIn Riemannian surface classification
surface theory
canBe constant on some surfaces
characterizes local shape of a surface
codomain real numbers
definedAs product of principal curvatures
dependsOn first fundamental form
second fundamental form
describes intrinsic curvature of a surface
domain points of a regular surface
exampleConstantCurvatureSurface Euclidean plane has K = 0
hyperbolic plane has K < 0
sphere of radius R has K = 1/R^2
exampleSurfaceWithNegativeCurvature hyperbolic plane
pseudosphere
exampleSurfaceWithPositiveCurvature sphere
exampleSurfaceWithZeroCurvature cylinder
plane
field Riemannian geometry
differential geometry
formulaInPrincipalDirections K = k1 * k2
isExtrinsic false
isIntrinsic true
mathematicalNature local invariant of a 2-dimensional Riemannian manifold
namedAfter Carl Friedrich Gauss
property can be computed from the metric alone
invariant under local isometries of surfaces
relatedTo Gauss–Bonnet theorem
Theorema Egregium
mean curvature
principal curvatures
sectional curvature
signInterpretation negative at hyperbolic points
positive at elliptic points
zero at parabolic points
symbol K
unit inverse square of length
usedIn classification of points on a surface
general relativity analogues in 2D
geodesic analysis
global topology via Gauss–Bonnet theorem
valueType negative curvature
positive curvature
zero curvature

Referenced by (3)
Subject (surface form when different) Predicate
Carl Friedrich Gauss
hasConceptNamedAfter
Carl Friedrich Gauss
notableWork
Theorema Egregium ("Gaussian curvature is invariant under local isometries of surfaces")
proves

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