Medina
E28127
Medina is a holy city in western Saudi Arabia that is revered in Islam as the site of the Prophet Muhammad’s mosque and tomb and the second-holiest city after Mecca.
All labels observed (19)
How this entity was disambiguated
This entity first appeared as the object of triple T212709 — resolving that mention is where its identity was fixed. The disambiguator weighed these candidate entities and picked the highlighted one (or “None”, minting a new entity). This is how homonymy is resolved: the same surface form can point to different entities.
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Medina Context triple: [Muhammad, deathPlace, Medina]
-
A.
Mecca
Mecca is the holiest city in Islam, located in present-day Saudi Arabia and home to the Kaaba, toward which Muslims around the world face in prayer and to which they undertake the Hajj pilgrimage.
-
B.
Jeddah
Jeddah is a major Saudi Arabian port city on the Red Sea, known as the gateway to the holy cities of Mecca and Medina and a key commercial and cultural hub in the region.
-
C.
Riyadh
Riyadh is the capital and largest city of Saudi Arabia, serving as a major political, economic, and cultural center in the Arab world.
-
D.
Baghdad
Baghdad is the capital and largest city of Iraq, historically renowned as a major center of the Islamic Golden Age and a key cultural and economic hub of the Arab world.
-
E.
Sanaʽa
Sanaʽa is the historic capital and one of the largest cities of Yemen, renowned for its ancient architecture and cultural significance in the Arabian Peninsula.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Medina Target entity description: Medina is a holy city in western Saudi Arabia that is revered in Islam as the site of the Prophet Muhammad’s mosque and tomb and the second-holiest city after Mecca.
-
A.
Mecca
Mecca is the holiest city in Islam, located in present-day Saudi Arabia and home to the Kaaba, toward which Muslims around the world face in prayer and to which they undertake the Hajj pilgrimage.
-
B.
Jeddah
Jeddah is a major Saudi Arabian port city on the Red Sea, known as the gateway to the holy cities of Mecca and Medina and a key commercial and cultural hub in the region.
-
C.
Riyadh
Riyadh is the capital and largest city of Saudi Arabia, serving as a major political, economic, and cultural center in the Arab world.
-
D.
Baghdad
Baghdad is the capital and largest city of Iraq, historically renowned as a major center of the Islamic Golden Age and a key cultural and economic hub of the Arab world.
-
E.
Sanaʽa
Sanaʽa is the historic capital and one of the largest cities of Yemen, renowned for its ancient architecture and cultural significance in the Arabian Peninsula.
- F. None of above. chosen
Statements (49)
| Predicate | Object |
|---|---|
| instanceOf |
city
ⓘ
holy city ⓘ |
| accessRestriction | central sacred area restricted to Muslims ⓘ |
| climate | hot desert climate ⓘ |
| contains |
Al-Masjid an-Nabawi
ⓘ
Green Dome ⓘ Al-Masjid an-Nabawi ⓘ
surface form:
Prophet's Mosque
Al-Masjid an-Nabawi ⓘ
surface form:
tomb of Prophet Muhammad
tombs of Abu Bakr and Umar ⓘ |
| country | Saudi Arabia ⓘ |
| distanceFromMeccaApprox | about 400 km ⓘ |
| englishNameVariant |
Medina
self-linksurface differs
ⓘ
surface form:
Al Madinah
Medina self-linksurface differs ⓘ
surface form:
Al Madinah al-Munawwarah
|
| governingCountryCapital | Riyadh ⓘ |
| governorate |
Al Madinah Province
ⓘ
surface form:
Al Madinah Region
|
| hasArabicName |
Medina
self-linksurface differs
ⓘ
surface form:
المدينة المنورة
|
| hasCemetery |
Jannat al-Baqi cemetery
ⓘ
surface form:
Jannat al-Baqi
|
| hasHistoricalSite |
Battle of Uhud site
ⓘ
Battle of the Trench site ⓘ |
| hasMajorMosque |
Al-Masjid an-Nabawi
ⓘ
Masjid al-Qiblatayn ⓘ
surface form:
Masjid al-Qiblatain
Quba Mosque ⓘ |
| hasMeaning |
The Enlightened City
ⓘ
Radiant City ⓘ
surface form:
The Radiant City
|
| hasPilgrimageStatus |
major destination for Umrah pilgrims
ⓘ
visited by Hajj pilgrims ⓘ |
| hasRailConnection |
Haramain high-speed railway
ⓘ
surface form:
Haramain High Speed Railway
|
| hasTransport | Prince Mohammad bin Abdulaziz International Airport ⓘ |
| hasUNESCOStatus |
Al-Masjid an-Nabawi
ⓘ
surface form:
Al-Masjid an-Nabawi is part of tentative heritage context
|
| hijraYear | 622 CE ⓘ |
| hijraYearInIslamicCalendar | 1 AH ⓘ |
| isCapitalOf |
Al Madinah Province
ⓘ
surface form:
Al Madinah Region
|
| language | Arabic ⓘ |
| locatedIn |
Hejaz
ⓘ
Western Saudi Arabia ⓘ
surface form:
western Saudi Arabia
|
| locatedOn | Arabian Peninsula ⓘ |
| majorReligion | Islam ⓘ |
| nameChangedAfter |
Hijrah of Prophet Muhammad
ⓘ
surface form:
Hijra of Prophet Muhammad
|
| populationCharacteristic | predominantly Muslim ⓘ |
| positionInIslam | second-holiest city after Mecca ⓘ |
| religiousSignificance | Islam ⓘ |
| roleInIslamicHistory |
base of Prophet Muhammad after Hijra
ⓘ
destination of the Hijra from Mecca ⓘ first capital of the early Muslim community ⓘ site of the Constitution of Medina ⓘ |
| shortArabicName | المدينة ⓘ |
| timeZone | Arabia Standard Time ⓘ |
| utcOffset | +3 ⓘ |
| wasCalled | Yathrib ⓘ |
How these facts were elicited
The pipeline generated the facts above by prompting gpt-5.1 with this entity's name + description and the instruction below.
Instruction
You are a knowledge base construction expert. Given a subject entity and a description of it, return factual statements that you know for the subject as a JSON list of dictionaries(triples), where keys must be "subject", "predicate" and "object". The number of facts may be very high, between 25 to 50 or more, for very popular subjects. For less popular subjects, the number of facts can be very low, like 5 or 10. # Requirements - If you don't know the subject at all, return an empty list. - If the subject is not a named entity, return an empty list. - Include at least one triple where predicate is "instanceOf". - Do not get too wordy. - Separate several objects into multiple triples with one object.
Input
Subject: Medina Description of subject: Medina is a holy city in western Saudi Arabia that is revered in Islam as the site of the Prophet Muhammad’s mosque and tomb and the second-holiest city after Mecca.
Referenced by (359)
Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.
subject surface form:
Umm al-Fadl Lubaba bint al-Harith
subject surface form:
Al-Khandaq
this entity surface form:
المدينة المنورة
this entity surface form:
Yathrib (pre-Islamic name of Medina)
this entity surface form:
Medina city center
this entity surface form:
Madinah
subject surface form:
Pledges of Aqaba
subject surface form:
Tala‘ al-Badru ‘Alayna