Clinger–Cohen Act of 1996
E278398
The Clinger–Cohen Act of 1996 is a U.S. federal law that reformed how the government acquires, manages, and uses information technology by emphasizing performance-based management and the establishment of agency Chief Information Officers.
All labels observed (8)
How this entity was disambiguated
This entity first appeared as the object of triple T2564629 — resolving that mention is where its identity was fixed. The disambiguator weighed these candidate entities and picked the highlighted one (or “None”, minting a new entity). This is how homonymy is resolved: the same surface form can point to different entities.
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Clinger–Cohen Act of 1996 Context triple: [Chief Information Officer of the U.S. Department of Labor, legalBasis, Clinger–Cohen Act of 1996]
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A.
Stevenson-Wydler Technology Innovation Act of 1980
The Stevenson-Wydler Technology Innovation Act of 1980 is a U.S. federal law designed to promote the transfer of technology from federal laboratories to the private sector and encourage innovation and commercialization of federally funded research.
-
B.
Government Performance and Results Act of 1993
The Government Performance and Results Act of 1993 is a U.S. federal law that requires agencies to set strategic goals, measure performance, and report on their results to improve government accountability and effectiveness.
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C.
Federal Technology Transfer Act of 1986
The Federal Technology Transfer Act of 1986 is a U.S. law that strengthened and formalized the process for federal laboratories to collaborate with industry and transfer government-developed technologies into the private sector.
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D.
Shepard–Byrd Act
The Shepard–Byrd Act is a U.S. federal hate-crime law that expanded protections to include crimes motivated by a victim’s actual or perceived gender, sexual orientation, gender identity, or disability.
-
E.
E-Government Act of 2002
The E-Government Act of 2002 is a U.S. federal law that promotes the use of information technology to improve government services, management, and access to public information while strengthening privacy and security protections.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Clinger–Cohen Act of 1996 Target entity description: The Clinger–Cohen Act of 1996 is a U.S. federal law that reformed how the government acquires, manages, and uses information technology by emphasizing performance-based management and the establishment of agency Chief Information Officers.
-
A.
Stevenson-Wydler Technology Innovation Act of 1980
The Stevenson-Wydler Technology Innovation Act of 1980 is a U.S. federal law designed to promote the transfer of technology from federal laboratories to the private sector and encourage innovation and commercialization of federally funded research.
-
B.
Government Performance and Results Act of 1993
The Government Performance and Results Act of 1993 is a U.S. federal law that requires agencies to set strategic goals, measure performance, and report on their results to improve government accountability and effectiveness.
-
C.
Federal Technology Transfer Act of 1986
The Federal Technology Transfer Act of 1986 is a U.S. law that strengthened and formalized the process for federal laboratories to collaborate with industry and transfer government-developed technologies into the private sector.
-
D.
Shepard–Byrd Act
The Shepard–Byrd Act is a U.S. federal hate-crime law that expanded protections to include crimes motivated by a victim’s actual or perceived gender, sexual orientation, gender identity, or disability.
-
E.
E-Government Act of 2002
The E-Government Act of 2002 is a U.S. federal law that promotes the use of information technology to improve government services, management, and access to public information while strengthening privacy and security protections.
- F. None of above. chosen
Statements (47)
| Predicate | Object |
|---|---|
| instanceOf |
United States federal law
ⓘ
information technology management reform law ⓘ |
| aimsTo |
improve efficiency of federal information technology investments
ⓘ
link information technology investments to agency missions ⓘ promote results-oriented management of information technology ⓘ reduce risk of major information technology projects ⓘ |
| alsoKnownAs |
National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 1996
ⓘ
surface form:
Division E of the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 1996
ITMRA ⓘ Clinger–Cohen Act of 1996 ⓘ
surface form:
Information Technology Management Reform Act of 1996
|
| appliesTo | executive agencies of the United States federal government ⓘ |
| codifiedIn |
Title 10 of the United States Code
ⓘ
Title 40 of the United States Code ⓘ |
| congressNumber | 104th United States Congress ⓘ |
| country |
United States of America
ⓘ
surface form:
United States
|
| dateSigned | 1996-02-10 ⓘ |
| emphasizes |
accountability for information technology outcomes
ⓘ
life-cycle management of information technology investments ⓘ use of best practices in information technology management ⓘ |
| enactedAsPartOf | National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 1996 ⓘ |
| establishesRole | Chief Information Officer ⓘ |
| focusesOn |
information resources management
ⓘ
information technology acquisition ⓘ information technology management ⓘ performance-based management of information technology ⓘ |
| influenced |
Office of Management and Budget information technology guidance
ⓘ
Chief Information Officers Council of the United States ⓘ
surface form:
federal Chief Information Officer Council
|
| jurisdiction | federal executive branch agencies ⓘ |
| mandates |
central leadership for information resources management in each agency
ⓘ
coordination of information technology with agency strategic plans ⓘ |
| publicLawNumber | Public Law 104-106 ⓘ |
| relatedTo |
Clinger–Cohen Act of 1996
self-linksurface differs
ⓘ
surface form:
Federal Acquisition Reform Act of 1996
Government Performance and Results Act of 1993 ⓘ Paperwork Reduction Act ⓘ |
| requires |
analysis of risks and returns for information technology projects
ⓘ
benchmarking of agency information technology performance ⓘ capital planning and investment control processes for information technology ⓘ integration of information technology planning with budget processes ⓘ performance measurements for information technology investments ⓘ use of modular contracting for major information technology acquisitions ⓘ |
| requiresEstablishmentOf | agency Chief Information Officers ⓘ |
| shortName |
Clinger–Cohen Act of 1996
self-linksurface differs
ⓘ
surface form:
Clinger–Cohen Act
|
| signedBy | Bill Clinton ⓘ |
| sponsor |
William Clinger
ⓘ
William Cohen ⓘ |
| subjectMatter |
federal information resources management policy
ⓘ
federal information technology governance ⓘ |
| yearEnacted | 1996 ⓘ |
How these facts were elicited
The pipeline generated the facts above by prompting gpt-5.1 with this entity's name + description and the instruction below.
Instruction
You are a knowledge base construction expert. Given a subject entity and a description of it, return factual statements that you know for the subject as a JSON list of dictionaries(triples), where keys must be "subject", "predicate" and "object". The number of facts may be very high, between 25 to 50 or more, for very popular subjects. For less popular subjects, the number of facts can be very low, like 5 or 10. # Requirements - If you don't know the subject at all, return an empty list. - If the subject is not a named entity, return an empty list. - Include at least one triple where predicate is "instanceOf". - Do not get too wordy. - Separate several objects into multiple triples with one object.
Input
Subject: Clinger–Cohen Act of 1996 Description of subject: The Clinger–Cohen Act of 1996 is a U.S. federal law that reformed how the government acquires, manages, and uses information technology by emphasizing performance-based management and the establishment of agency Chief Information Officers.
Referenced by (16)
Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.
Chief Information Officer of the U.S. Department of Labor
→
legalBasis
→
Clinger–Cohen Act of 1996
ⓘ
Office of the Chief Information Officer of the Department of Defense
→
legalBasis
→
Clinger–Cohen Act of 1996
ⓘ
this entity surface form:
Clinger-Cohen Act
this entity surface form:
Clinger-Cohen Act
this entity surface form:
Clinger-Cohen Act
this entity surface form:
Clinger-Cohen Act
this entity surface form:
Clinger–Cohen Act
this entity surface form:
Information Technology Management Reform Act of 1996
this entity surface form:
Federal Acquisition Reform Act of 1996
this entity surface form:
Clinger-Cohen Act of 1996
subject surface form:
Major Defense Acquisition Program
this entity surface form:
clinger–Cohen Act information technology provisions when applicable
this entity surface form:
Clinger-Cohen Act of 1996
Office of Management and Budget for federal information security policy
→
legalBasis
→
Clinger–Cohen Act of 1996
ⓘ
this entity surface form:
Clinger‑Cohen Act
Office of the Chief Information Officer of the U.S. Department of Commerce
→
follows
→
Clinger–Cohen Act of 1996
ⓘ
this entity surface form:
Clinger-Cohen Act