Vredefort Dome

E23910

Vredefort Dome is the world’s largest and oldest known impact crater, located in South Africa and formed by a massive meteorite strike over two billion years ago.

Aliases (1)

Statements (51)
Predicate Object
instanceOf UNESCO World Heritage Site
geological formation
impact structure
meteorite impact crater
activities hiking
river rafting on the Vaal River
rock climbing
age approximately 2.023 billion years
over 2 billion years
contains central uplift of impact structure
continent Africa
country South Africa
diameter about 300 kilometers
formedBy asteroid impact
meteorite impact
geologicalPeriod Paleoproterozoic
hasFeature pseudotachylite veins
radial and concentric fracture patterns
shatter cones
impactEffects formation of central uplift
melting of crustal rocks
regional crustal deformation
impactEnergy extremely high-energy event
impactorEstimatedDiameter about 10 to 15 kilometers
knownFor evidence of shock metamorphism
exceptional geological features
multi-ring impact basin structure
largestOfType largest known impact structure on Earth
locatedIn Free State province
locatedNear Parys
town of Vredefort
nearRiver Vaal River
oldestOfType one of the oldest known impact structures on Earth
partlyLocatedIn North West province
partOf Vredefort impact structure
recognizedAs type locality for large impact structures
recognizedBy UNESCO
rockTypes gneiss
granite
greenstone
quartzite
scientificDiscipline impact cratering studies
planetary geology
structural geology
tourism geotourism destination
UNESCOWorldHeritageCriteria criterion (vii)
criterion (viii)
UNESCOWorldHeritageInscriptionYear 2005
UNESCOWorldHeritageSiteId 1162
usedFor study of early Earth crustal evolution
study of large impact processes

Referenced by (2)
Subject (surface form when different) Predicate
South Africa
hasUNESCOWorldHeritageSite
Vredefort Dome ("Vredefort impact structure")
partOf

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