essence–energies distinction

E236904

The essence–energies distinction is an Eastern Orthodox theological teaching, especially emphasized in hesychasm, that differentiates between God's unknowable essence and His knowable, participable energies through which humans experience divine grace.

All labels observed (1)

Label Occurrences
essence–energies distinction canonical 1

How this entity was disambiguated

Statements (48)

Predicate Object
instanceOf Christian theological distinction
Eastern Orthodox theology concept
theological doctrine
affirmedBy Council of Constantinople 1341
surface form: Council of Constantinople of 1341

Council of Constantinople 1351
surface form: Council of Constantinople of 1351
aimsAt preserving both God's transcendence and accessibility
articulatedBy St. Gregory Palamas
surface form: Gregory Palamas
associatedWith divine grace
theosis
basisFor distinction between God's transcendence and immanence
centralTo hesychasm
concerns God's energies
God's essence
connectedTo prayer of the heart in hesychasm
contrastedWith some Western views of grace as created
developedInCentury 14th century
discussedIn contemporary ecumenical dialogue
distinguishesBetween divine energies
divine essence
hasAspect epistemological
metaphysical
mystical
soteriological
historicalContext Palamite controversy
influences Eastern Orthodox liturgical theology
Eastern Orthodox Christianity
surface form: Eastern Orthodox spirituality

Eastern Orthodox understanding of salvation
involvesConcept uncreated energies
uncreated grace
language primarily Greek theological terminology
linkedTo Mount Athos hesychast tradition
maintainsThat God is fully present in His energies
participation in God's energies does not imply comprehension of His essence
opposedBy Barlaam of Calabria
some Western scholastic theologians
recognizedBy many modern Orthodox theologians
relatedTo The Mystical Theology
surface form: apophatic theology

doctrine of divine simplicity
mystical theology
religiousTradition Eastern Orthodox Christianity
surface form: Eastern Orthodoxy
roleIn Sophianism in Russian theology
surface form: Orthodox doctrine of deification
sometimesCriticizedFor tension with Western accounts of divine simplicity
teachesThat God's energies are knowable
God's energies are participable
God's essence is unknowable
humans experience God through His energies
understoodAs distinction without separation in God
usedToExplain experience of uncreated light

How these facts were elicited

Referenced by (1)

Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.

hesychast tradition linkedDoctrine essence–energies distinction