Battle of Philippi
E219921
The Battle of Philippi was a decisive series of engagements in 42 BC during the Roman civil wars, in which the forces of Mark Antony and Octavian defeated the armies of Julius Caesar’s assassins Brutus and Cassius in Macedonia.
All labels observed (4)
| Label | Occurrences |
|---|---|
| Battle of Philippi canonical | 19 |
| Battle of Philippi (overall campaign) | 1 |
| First Battle of Philippi | 1 |
| Second Battle of Philippi | 1 |
How this entity was disambiguated
This entity first appeared as the object of triple T1744722 — resolving that mention is where its identity was fixed. The disambiguator weighed these candidate entities and picked the highlighted one (or “None”, minting a new entity). This is how homonymy is resolved: the same surface form can point to different entities.
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Battle of Philippi Context triple: [Mark Antony, notableBattle, Battle of Philippi]
-
A.
Battle of Chaeronea
The Battle of Chaeronea (338 BC) was a decisive clash in which Philip II of Macedon, aided by his son Alexander the Great, defeated the combined forces of Athens and Thebes, paving the way for Macedonian dominance over Greece.
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B.
Battle of Amphipolis
The Battle of Amphipolis was a decisive 422 BC clash in the Peloponnesian War in which the Spartan general Brasidas defeated the Athenians but was killed along with Athenian leader Cleon, paving the way for the Peace of Nicias.
-
C.
Battle of Actium
The Battle of Actium was the decisive 31 BC naval confrontation in which Octavian defeated the combined forces of Mark Antony and Cleopatra, paving the way for his sole rule and the emergence of the Roman Empire.
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D.
Battle of Ecnomus
The Battle of Ecnomus was a major naval engagement of the First Punic War in 256 BC, often considered one of the largest naval battles of antiquity, in which Rome decisively defeated Carthage off the southern coast of Sicily.
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E.
Battle of Delium
The Battle of Delium was a significant engagement of the Peloponnesian War in 424 BC, where Boeotian forces decisively defeated the Athenians near the sanctuary of Apollo at Delium.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Battle of Philippi Target entity description: The Battle of Philippi was a decisive series of engagements in 42 BC during the Roman civil wars, in which the forces of Mark Antony and Octavian defeated the armies of Julius Caesar’s assassins Brutus and Cassius in Macedonia.
-
A.
Battle of Chaeronea
The Battle of Chaeronea (338 BC) was a decisive clash in which Philip II of Macedon, aided by his son Alexander the Great, defeated the combined forces of Athens and Thebes, paving the way for Macedonian dominance over Greece.
-
B.
Battle of Amphipolis
The Battle of Amphipolis was a decisive 422 BC clash in the Peloponnesian War in which the Spartan general Brasidas defeated the Athenians but was killed along with Athenian leader Cleon, paving the way for the Peace of Nicias.
-
C.
Battle of Actium
The Battle of Actium was the decisive 31 BC naval confrontation in which Octavian defeated the combined forces of Mark Antony and Cleopatra, paving the way for his sole rule and the emergence of the Roman Empire.
-
D.
Battle of Ecnomus
The Battle of Ecnomus was a major naval engagement of the First Punic War in 256 BC, often considered one of the largest naval battles of antiquity, in which Rome decisively defeated Carthage off the southern coast of Sicily.
-
E.
Battle of Delium
The Battle of Delium was a significant engagement of the Peloponnesian War in 424 BC, where Boeotian forces decisively defeated the Athenians near the sanctuary of Apollo at Delium.
- F. None of above. chosen
Statements (44)
| Predicate | Object |
|---|---|
| instanceOf |
Roman civil war battle
ⓘ
ancient battle ⓘ battle ⓘ |
| associatedWith |
Roman Republic
ⓘ
Second Triumvirate ⓘ |
| belligerent |
Liberators
ⓘ
Second Triumvirate ⓘ assassins of Julius Caesar ⓘ |
| combatant |
army of Gaius Cassius Longinus
ⓘ
army of Marcus Junius Brutus ⓘ forces of Mark Antony ⓘ forces of Octavian ⓘ |
| commander |
Gaius Cassius Longinus
ⓘ
Marcus Junius Brutus ⓘ Mark Antony ⓘ Augustus ⓘ
surface form:
Octavian
|
| conflictIn | Roman civil wars ⓘ |
| date | 42 BC ⓘ |
| firstEngagementDate | October 3, 42 BC ⓘ |
| followedBy | division of Roman territories between Antony and Octavian ⓘ |
| historicalPeriod | late Roman Republic ⓘ |
| location |
Macedonia region
ⓘ
surface form:
Macedonia
Roman province of Macedonia ⓘ near Philippi ⓘ |
| namedAfter | city of Philippi ⓘ |
| notableFor |
decisive defeat of the Liberators
ⓘ
largest Roman civil war battle in terms of troop numbers ⓘ |
| outcome |
suicide of Brutus after the second battle
ⓘ
suicide of Cassius after the first battle ⓘ |
| partOf |
Liberators’ civil war
ⓘ
surface form:
Liberators' civil war
|
| politicalConsequence |
consolidation of power by Mark Antony and Octavian
ⓘ
paved the way for Octavian’s rise as Augustus ⓘ |
| precededBy |
Mutina campaign
ⓘ
surface form:
Battle of Mutina
assassination of Julius Caesar ⓘ |
| primarySource |
Appian’s Roman History
ⓘ
surface form:
Appian’s Civil Wars
Cassius Dio’s Roman History ⓘ Plutarch’s Parallel Lives ⓘ
surface form:
Plutarch’s Lives
|
| result |
decisive victory for the Second Triumvirate
ⓘ
defeat of Brutus and Cassius ⓘ |
| secondEngagementDate | October 23, 42 BC ⓘ |
| seriesOfEngagements | two main battles ⓘ |
| strategicConsequence | end of organized resistance by Caesar’s assassins ⓘ |
| theater | Macedonian theater of the Roman civil wars ⓘ |
| year | 42 BC ⓘ |
How these facts were elicited
The pipeline generated the facts above by prompting gpt-5.1 with this entity's name + description and the instruction below.
Instruction
You are a knowledge base construction expert. Given a subject entity and a description of it, return factual statements that you know for the subject as a JSON list of dictionaries(triples), where keys must be "subject", "predicate" and "object". The number of facts may be very high, between 25 to 50 or more, for very popular subjects. For less popular subjects, the number of facts can be very low, like 5 or 10. # Requirements - If you don't know the subject at all, return an empty list. - If the subject is not a named entity, return an empty list. - Include at least one triple where predicate is "instanceOf". - Do not get too wordy. - Separate several objects into multiple triples with one object.
Input
Subject: Battle of Philippi Description of subject: The Battle of Philippi was a decisive series of engagements in 42 BC during the Roman civil wars, in which the forces of Mark Antony and Octavian defeated the armies of Julius Caesar’s assassins Brutus and Cassius in Macedonia.
Referenced by (22)
Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.
this entity surface form:
First Battle of Philippi
this entity surface form:
Second Battle of Philippi
this entity surface form:
Battle of Philippi (overall campaign)