Alzheimer's disease
E20980
Alzheimer's disease is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by memory loss, cognitive decline, and behavioral changes, and is the most common cause of dementia in older adults.
All labels observed (4)
| Label | Occurrences |
|---|---|
| Alzheimer's disease canonical | 33 |
| Alzheimer’s disease | 24 |
| Alzheimer disease | 1 |
| Alzheimer's disease (complications) | 1 |
How this entity was disambiguated
This entity first appeared as the object of triple T168266 — resolving that mention is where its identity was fixed. The disambiguator weighed these candidate entities and picked the highlighted one (or “None”, minting a new entity). This is how homonymy is resolved: the same surface form can point to different entities.
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Alzheimer's disease Context triple: [Picower Institute for Learning and Memory, fieldOfWork, Alzheimer's disease]
-
A.
MCI-Shirley
MCI-Shirley is a medium- and minimum-security state prison for men located in Shirley, Massachusetts.
-
B.
National Institute on Aging
The National Institute on Aging is a U.S. federal research institute that leads scientific efforts to understand aging and advance the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of age-related diseases, including Alzheimer’s disease.
-
C.
German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) Göttingen site
The German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) Göttingen site is a research institute focused on understanding, preventing, and treating neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s disease.
-
D.
Mind
Mind is a leading peer-reviewed philosophy journal, especially known for influential work in analytic philosophy and the philosophy of language.
-
E.
AAL
AAL is the ICAO airline designator used in aviation to identify American Airlines in flight operations and air traffic control.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Alzheimer's disease Target entity description: Alzheimer's disease is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by memory loss, cognitive decline, and behavioral changes, and is the most common cause of dementia in older adults.
-
A.
MCI-Shirley
MCI-Shirley is a medium- and minimum-security state prison for men located in Shirley, Massachusetts.
-
B.
National Institute on Aging
The National Institute on Aging is a U.S. federal research institute that leads scientific efforts to understand aging and advance the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of age-related diseases, including Alzheimer’s disease.
-
C.
German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) Göttingen site
The German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) Göttingen site is a research institute focused on understanding, preventing, and treating neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s disease.
-
D.
Mind
Mind is a leading peer-reviewed philosophy journal, especially known for influential work in analytic philosophy and the philosophy of language.
-
E.
AAL
AAL is the ICAO airline designator used in aviation to identify American Airlines in flight operations and air traffic control.
- F. None of above. chosen
Statements (89)
| Predicate | Object |
|---|---|
| instanceOf |
dementia
ⓘ
neurodegenerative disease ⓘ progressive disease ⓘ |
| alsoKnownAs |
AD
ⓘ
Alzheimer disease ⓘ |
| associatedWith |
amyloid precursor protein processing abnormalities
ⓘ
presenilin 1 mutations ⓘ presenilin 2 mutations ⓘ |
| averageSurvivalAfterDiagnosis | 4 to 8 years ⓘ |
| canBeTreatedWith |
cholinesterase inhibitors
ⓘ
donepezil ⓘ galantamine ⓘ memantine ⓘ non-pharmacological interventions ⓘ rivastigmine ⓘ symptomatic therapies ⓘ |
| cause | multifactorial etiology ⓘ |
| characterizedBy |
behavioral changes
ⓘ
cognitive decline ⓘ impaired activities of daily living ⓘ memory loss ⓘ |
| course |
chronic
ⓘ
progressive ⓘ |
| diagnosedBy |
biomarker analysis
ⓘ
brain imaging ⓘ clinical assessment ⓘ neuropsychological testing ⓘ |
| diagnosticBiomarker |
cerebrospinal fluid amyloid-beta levels
ⓘ
cerebrospinal fluid tau levels ⓘ |
| diagnosticTool |
CT scan
ⓘ
MRI ⓘ PET scan ⓘ |
| epidemiology | most common cause of dementia worldwide ⓘ |
| field |
neurology
ⓘ
psychiatry ⓘ |
| governedByGuideline |
National Institute on Aging guidelines
ⓘ
World Health Organization dementia guidelines ⓘ |
| hasEarlyOnsetForm | early-onset Alzheimer's disease ⓘ |
| hasLateOnsetForm | late-onset Alzheimer's disease ⓘ |
| hasStage |
mild stage
ⓘ
moderate stage ⓘ severe stage ⓘ |
| hasSymptom |
agitation
ⓘ
apathy ⓘ delusions ⓘ disorientation ⓘ executive dysfunction ⓘ hallucinations ⓘ language difficulties ⓘ personality changes ⓘ short-term memory impairment ⓘ sleep disturbances ⓘ wandering ⓘ |
| impact |
caregiver burden
ⓘ
increased healthcare costs ⓘ loss of independence ⓘ |
| managementIncludes |
caregiver support
ⓘ
cognitive stimulation ⓘ environmental modifications ⓘ |
| namedAfter | Alois Alzheimer ⓘ |
| onsetTypicalAge | late adulthood ⓘ |
| pathologyFeature |
amyloid-beta plaques
ⓘ
brain atrophy ⓘ neurofibrillary tangles ⓘ neuronal loss ⓘ synaptic loss ⓘ tau protein aggregation ⓘ |
| prevalentIn | older adults ⓘ |
| preventionStrategy |
cardiovascular risk reduction
ⓘ
cognitive engagement ⓘ healthy diet ⓘ regular physical exercise ⓘ |
| primaryCauseOf | dementia in older adults ⓘ |
| prognosis |
eventually fatal
ⓘ
incurable ⓘ |
| riskFactor |
APOE ε4 allele
ⓘ
advanced age ⓘ cardiovascular disease ⓘ diabetes mellitus ⓘ family history of Alzheimer's disease ⓘ hypercholesterolemia ⓘ hypertension ⓘ low educational attainment ⓘ obesity ⓘ smoking ⓘ traumatic brain injury ⓘ |
| typicallyAffectsBrainRegion |
hippocampus
ⓘ
parietal lobe ⓘ temporal lobe ⓘ |
How these facts were elicited
The pipeline generated the facts above by prompting gpt-5.1 with this entity's name + description and the instruction below.
Instruction
You are a knowledge base construction expert. Given a subject entity and a description of it, return factual statements that you know for the subject as a JSON list of dictionaries(triples), where keys must be "subject", "predicate" and "object". The number of facts may be very high, between 25 to 50 or more, for very popular subjects. For less popular subjects, the number of facts can be very low, like 5 or 10. # Requirements - If you don't know the subject at all, return an empty list. - If the subject is not a named entity, return an empty list. - Include at least one triple where predicate is "instanceOf". - Do not get too wordy. - Separate several objects into multiple triples with one object.
Input
Subject: Alzheimer's disease Description of subject: Alzheimer's disease is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by memory loss, cognitive decline, and behavioral changes, and is the most common cause of dementia in older adults.
Referenced by (59)
Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.
this entity surface form:
Alzheimer’s disease
subject surface form:
Rip Torn
this entity surface form:
Alzheimer’s disease
subject surface form:
Hilarity for Charity