ISO 9660
E18760
ISO 9660 is an international standard file system format primarily used for optical disc media such as CD-ROMs to ensure cross-platform data compatibility.
All labels observed (9)
| Label | Occurrences |
|---|---|
| ISO 9660 canonical | 11 |
| Compact Disc format | 1 |
| ISO 9660 (via handlers) | 1 |
| ISO 9660 extensions | 1 |
| ISO 9660 level 1 | 1 |
| ISO 9660 level 2 | 1 |
| ISO 9660 volume descriptor set | 1 |
| Primary Volume Descriptor | 1 |
| Volume Descriptor Set Terminator | 1 |
How this entity was disambiguated
This entity first appeared as the object of triple T156053 — resolving that mention is where its identity was fixed. The disambiguator weighed these candidate entities and picked the highlighted one (or “None”, minting a new entity). This is how homonymy is resolved: the same surface form can point to different entities.
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: ISO 9660 Context triple: [International Organization for Standardization, issuesStandard, ISO 9660]
-
A.
HFS Plus
HFS Plus is a proprietary journaling file system developed by Apple for use in macOS and earlier Macintosh operating systems, succeeding the original HFS to support larger files and volumes.
-
B.
IEEE 1394
IEEE 1394 is a high-speed serial bus interface standard, commonly known as FireWire, used for real-time data transfer between digital devices such as computers, cameras, and audio/video equipment.
-
C.
MS-DOS
MS-DOS is a command-line operating system that became the foundational software platform for early IBM-compatible personal computers in the 1980s and early 1990s.
-
D.
SCSI
SCSI (Small Computer System Interface) is a set of standards for connecting and transferring data between computers and peripheral devices, widely used for high-performance storage solutions.
-
E.
DOS
DOS is the commonly used acronym for the United States Department of State, the federal executive department responsible for U.S. foreign policy and international relations.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: ISO 9660 Target entity description: ISO 9660 is an international standard file system format primarily used for optical disc media such as CD-ROMs to ensure cross-platform data compatibility.
-
A.
HFS Plus
HFS Plus is a proprietary journaling file system developed by Apple for use in macOS and earlier Macintosh operating systems, succeeding the original HFS to support larger files and volumes.
-
B.
IEEE 1394
IEEE 1394 is a high-speed serial bus interface standard, commonly known as FireWire, used for real-time data transfer between digital devices such as computers, cameras, and audio/video equipment.
-
C.
MS-DOS
MS-DOS is a command-line operating system that became the foundational software platform for early IBM-compatible personal computers in the 1980s and early 1990s.
-
D.
SCSI
SCSI (Small Computer System Interface) is a set of standards for connecting and transferring data between computers and peripheral devices, widely used for high-performance storage solutions.
-
E.
DOS
DOS is the commonly used acronym for the United States Department of State, the federal executive department responsible for U.S. foreign policy and international relations.
- F. None of above. chosen
Statements (75)
| Predicate | Object |
|---|---|
| instanceOf |
ISO standard
ⓘ
file system standard ⓘ optical disc file system ⓘ |
| blockSize | 2048 bytes ⓘ |
| characterEncoding | ASCII ⓘ |
| dataOrganization | sectors and logical blocks ⓘ |
| defines |
directory structure for optical discs
ⓘ
file naming conventions for optical discs ⓘ volume descriptors for optical discs ⓘ |
| designedAs | read-only distribution format ⓘ |
| designedFor | cross-platform data compatibility ⓘ |
| directoryDepthLimit | 8 levels ⓘ |
| extendedBy |
El Torito
ⓘ
Joliet, Illinois ⓘ
surface form:
Joliet
Rock Ridge ⓘ |
| extension |
Apple ISO 9660 extensions
ⓘ
El Torito ⓘ Joliet, Illinois ⓘ
surface form:
Joliet
Rock Ridge ⓘ |
| fileExtension | .iso ⓘ |
| filenameCharacterSet |
digits 0–9
ⓘ
dot ⓘ underscore ⓘ uppercase Latin letters A–Z ⓘ |
| filenameLengthLimit |
31 characters in Level 2
ⓘ
8.3 format in Level 1 ⓘ |
| hasLevel |
Level 1
ⓘ
Level 2 ⓘ Level 3 ⓘ |
| hasLimitation |
limited directory depth
ⓘ
limited filename length ⓘ no native support for Unix permissions ⓘ no native support for symbolic links ⓘ restricted filename character set ⓘ |
| hasVolumeDescriptor |
Boot Record Volume Descriptor
ⓘ
ISO 9660 self-linksurface differs ⓘ
surface form:
Primary Volume Descriptor
Supplementary Volume Descriptor ⓘ ISO 9660 self-linksurface differs ⓘ
surface form:
Volume Descriptor Set Terminator
Volume Partition Descriptor ⓘ |
| improvedBy | UDF ⓘ |
| level1Feature |
8.3 filenames
ⓘ
single-extent files ⓘ |
| level2Feature | longer filenames up to 31 characters ⓘ |
| level3Feature | multi-extent files ⓘ |
| mediumType |
BD-R
ⓘ
BD-RE ⓘ BD-ROM ⓘ CD-R ⓘ CD-ROM ⓘ CD-RW ⓘ DVD+R ⓘ DVD+RW ⓘ DVD-R ⓘ DVD-ROM ⓘ DVD-RW ⓘ compact disc ⓘ |
| platformCompatibility |
Linux
ⓘ
Unix-like systems ⓘ Windows ⓘ macOS ⓘ |
| primaryUse |
CD-ROM
ⓘ
optical disc media ⓘ |
| publishedBy | International Organization for Standardization ⓘ |
| relatedStandard | ECMA-119 ⓘ |
| sectorSize | 2048 bytes ⓘ |
| standardNumber | ISO 9660 self-link ⓘ |
| supports | read-only file systems ⓘ |
| supportsDirectories | true ⓘ |
| supportsFileAttributes | limited ⓘ |
| supportsTimestamps | true ⓘ |
| usedFor |
CD-ROM data distribution
ⓘ
ISO image files ⓘ bootable optical discs ⓘ software installation media ⓘ |
| volumeIdentifierLengthLimit | 32 characters ⓘ |
How these facts were elicited
The pipeline generated the facts above by prompting gpt-5.1 with this entity's name + description and the instruction below.
Instruction
You are a knowledge base construction expert. Given a subject entity and a description of it, return factual statements that you know for the subject as a JSON list of dictionaries(triples), where keys must be "subject", "predicate" and "object". The number of facts may be very high, between 25 to 50 or more, for very popular subjects. For less popular subjects, the number of facts can be very low, like 5 or 10. # Requirements - If you don't know the subject at all, return an empty list. - If the subject is not a named entity, return an empty list. - Include at least one triple where predicate is "instanceOf". - Do not get too wordy. - Separate several objects into multiple triples with one object.
Input
Subject: ISO 9660 Description of subject: ISO 9660 is an international standard file system format primarily used for optical disc media such as CD-ROMs to ensure cross-platform data compatibility.
Referenced by (19)
Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.
this entity surface form:
Compact Disc format
this entity surface form:
Primary Volume Descriptor
this entity surface form:
Volume Descriptor Set Terminator
this entity surface form:
ISO 9660 (via handlers)
this entity surface form:
ISO 9660 volume descriptor set
this entity surface form:
ISO 9660 level 1
this entity surface form:
ISO 9660 level 2