Gell-Mann–Okubo mass formula
E179973
The Gell-Mann–Okubo mass formula is a relation in particle physics that predicts the mass patterns of hadrons within SU(3) flavor symmetry multiplets, providing quantitative support for the quark model and the Eightfold Way classification.
All labels observed (1)
| Label | Occurrences |
|---|---|
| Gell-Mann–Okubo mass formula canonical | 1 |
How this entity was disambiguated
This entity first appeared as the object of triple T1580369 — resolving that mention is where its identity was fixed. The disambiguator weighed these candidate entities and picked the highlighted one (or “None”, minting a new entity). This is how homonymy is resolved: the same surface form can point to different entities.
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Gell-Mann–Okubo mass formula Context triple: [Eightfold Way classification, relatedTo, Gell-Mann–Okubo mass formula]
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A.
Gell-Mann–Nishijima formula
The Gell-Mann–Nishijima formula is a key relation in particle physics that connects a particle’s electric charge to its isospin and hypercharge, helping classify hadrons within the quark model.
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B.
Gell-Mann–Low theorem
The Gell-Mann–Low theorem is a fundamental result in quantum field theory that rigorously connects interacting quantum fields to free fields via the adiabatic switching-on of interactions, underpinning the use of perturbation theory and the Dyson series.
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C.
Guralnik
Guralnik is a surname most notably associated with American theoretical physicist Gerald Guralnik, a co-discoverer of the Higgs mechanism.
-
D.
Fermi theory of beta decay
The Fermi theory of beta decay is Enrico Fermi’s pioneering quantum field theory model that explains beta decay as a weak interaction process mediated by a four-fermion contact interaction, laying the groundwork for modern weak interaction theory.
-
E.
Salam–Weinberg model
The Salam–Weinberg model is the electroweak theory that unifies the electromagnetic and weak nuclear forces within the Standard Model of particle physics.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Gell-Mann–Okubo mass formula Target entity description: The Gell-Mann–Okubo mass formula is a relation in particle physics that predicts the mass patterns of hadrons within SU(3) flavor symmetry multiplets, providing quantitative support for the quark model and the Eightfold Way classification.
-
A.
Gell-Mann–Nishijima formula
The Gell-Mann–Nishijima formula is a key relation in particle physics that connects a particle’s electric charge to its isospin and hypercharge, helping classify hadrons within the quark model.
-
B.
Gell-Mann–Low theorem
The Gell-Mann–Low theorem is a fundamental result in quantum field theory that rigorously connects interacting quantum fields to free fields via the adiabatic switching-on of interactions, underpinning the use of perturbation theory and the Dyson series.
-
C.
Guralnik
Guralnik is a surname most notably associated with American theoretical physicist Gerald Guralnik, a co-discoverer of the Higgs mechanism.
-
D.
Fermi theory of beta decay
The Fermi theory of beta decay is Enrico Fermi’s pioneering quantum field theory model that explains beta decay as a weak interaction process mediated by a four-fermion contact interaction, laying the groundwork for modern weak interaction theory.
-
E.
Salam–Weinberg model
The Salam–Weinberg model is the electroweak theory that unifies the electromagnetic and weak nuclear forces within the Standard Model of particle physics.
- F. None of above. chosen
Statements (42)
| Predicate | Object |
|---|---|
| instanceOf |
hadron mass relation
ⓘ
mass formula ⓘ relation in particle physics ⓘ |
| appliesTo |
baryon octet
ⓘ
quark model ⓘ
surface form:
hadrons
meson octet ⓘ |
| approximate | yes ⓘ |
| approximationType | first-order SU(3) symmetry breaking ⓘ |
| assumes | approximate SU(3) flavor symmetry ⓘ |
| basedOn |
SU(3)
ⓘ
surface form:
SU(3) flavor symmetry
|
| category |
standard model phenomenology
ⓘ
theoretical physics concept ⓘ |
| context | strong interaction physics ⓘ |
| describes | mass splittings within hadron multiplets ⓘ |
| explains | regularities in hadron mass spectra ⓘ |
| field | particle physics ⓘ |
| historicalRole |
provided early evidence for quark degrees of freedom
ⓘ
provided quantitative support for the Eightfold Way classification ⓘ |
| inspiredBy |
Eightfold Way classification
ⓘ
surface form:
Eightfold Way classification of hadrons
|
| introducedBy |
Murray Gell-Mann
ⓘ
Susumu Okubo ⓘ |
| mathematicalForm | linear relation among hadron masses in a multiplet ⓘ |
| predicts | mass patterns of hadrons in SU(3) multiplets ⓘ |
| relatedTo |
Coleman–Glashow mass formula
ⓘ
Eightfold Way ⓘ SU(3) flavor symmetry breaking ⓘ baryon decuplet mass patterns ⓘ baryon octet (N, Λ, Σ, Ξ) ⓘ baryon octet mass relation ⓘ flavor SU(3) representations ⓘ pseudoscalar meson octet (π, K, η) ⓘ pseudoscalar meson octet mass relation ⓘ quark flavor symmetry u, d, s ⓘ |
| status | standard tool in hadron phenomenology ⓘ |
| supportsTheory | quark model ⓘ |
| usedFor | estimating unknown hadron masses ⓘ |
| usedIn |
hadron spectroscopy
ⓘ
tests of SU(3) flavor symmetry ⓘ |
| usesConcept |
SU(3) multiplet structure
ⓘ
hypercharge ⓘ isospin symmetry ⓘ |
| validWhen | mass differences between u, d, s quarks are moderate ⓘ |
How these facts were elicited
The pipeline generated the facts above by prompting gpt-5.1 with this entity's name + description and the instruction below.
Instruction
You are a knowledge base construction expert. Given a subject entity and a description of it, return factual statements that you know for the subject as a JSON list of dictionaries(triples), where keys must be "subject", "predicate" and "object". The number of facts may be very high, between 25 to 50 or more, for very popular subjects. For less popular subjects, the number of facts can be very low, like 5 or 10. # Requirements - If you don't know the subject at all, return an empty list. - If the subject is not a named entity, return an empty list. - Include at least one triple where predicate is "instanceOf". - Do not get too wordy. - Separate several objects into multiple triples with one object.
Input
Subject: Gell-Mann–Okubo mass formula Description of subject: The Gell-Mann–Okubo mass formula is a relation in particle physics that predicts the mass patterns of hadrons within SU(3) flavor symmetry multiplets, providing quantitative support for the quark model and the Eightfold Way classification.
Referenced by (1)
Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.