United States – Vietnam Relations, 1945–1967: A Study Prepared by the Department of Defense

E157086

The Pentagon Papers is a top-secret U.S. Department of Defense study that revealed previously undisclosed details about American political and military involvement in Vietnam from 1945 to 1967, whose 1971 leak sparked a major freedom-of-the-press and government-transparency controversy.

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Predicate Object
instanceOf Pentagon Papers
classified document
government report
historical study
alsoKnownAs Pentagon Papers
archivedAt National Archives and Records Administration
surface form: U.S. National Archives and Records Administration
caused major freedom-of-the-press controversy in the United States
major government-transparency controversy in the United States
chronologyEndEvent escalation of U.S. involvement under Lyndon B. Johnson
chronologyStartEvent end of World War II in Indochina
classificationLevel Top Secret
commissionedBy Robert McNamara
surface form: Robert S. McNamara
compiledBy Office of the Secretary of Defense
countryOfOrigin United States of America
surface form: United States
declassified fully released by the U.S. government in 2011
partially in the 1970s
focus policy formation rather than battlefield operations
genre official history
impact became a symbol of whistleblowing and government accountability
increased public skepticism toward U.S. government statements about the Vietnam War
strengthened legal protections for press freedom in the United States
includes diplomatic cables
internal memoranda
policy analyses
influenced public debate over the legitimacy of the Vietnam War
subsequent U.S. transparency and classification policies
language English
leakedBy Daniel Ellsberg
leakedIn 1971
leakPublishedBy The New York Times
Washington Post
surface form: The Washington Post

other U.S. newspapers
medium typewritten manuscript
pages several thousand pages
preparedBy Department of Defense
surface form: United States Department of Defense
relatedCourtCase New York Times Co. v. United States
reveals U.S. government decision-making processes regarding Vietnam
discrepancies between public statements and internal assessments by U.S. officials
previously undisclosed details of U.S. military involvement in Vietnam
previously undisclosed details of U.S. political involvement in Vietnam
structure multiple volumes
subject U.S. foreign policy
United States–Vietnam relations
Vietnam War
military strategy
timePeriodCovered 1945–1967
usedIn New York Times Co. v. United States

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Pentagon Papers alsoKnownAs United States – Vietnam Relations, 1945–1967: A Study Prepared by the Department of Defense