The Problem of Knowledge
E145259
The Problem of Knowledge is a 1956 philosophical work by A. J. Ayer that critically examines the nature, limits, and justification of human knowledge within the analytic tradition.
All labels observed (3)
| Label | Occurrences |
|---|---|
| The Problem of Knowledge canonical | 3 |
| The Problem of Knowledge (book) | 1 |
| The Problem of Knowledge (essay) | 1 |
How this entity was disambiguated
This entity first appeared as the object of triple T1264604 — resolving that mention is where its identity was fixed. The disambiguator weighed these candidate entities and picked the highlighted one (or “None”, minting a new entity). This is how homonymy is resolved: the same surface form can point to different entities.
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: The Problem of Knowledge Context triple: [A. J. Ayer, notableWork, The Problem of Knowledge]
-
A.
The Problems of Philosophy
The Problems of Philosophy is a short, accessible 1912 book by Bertrand Russell that introduces key issues in epistemology and metaphysics, such as the nature of reality, knowledge, and appearance versus reality.
-
B.
Logic: The Theory of Inquiry
Logic: The Theory of Inquiry is John Dewey’s major work on logic, presenting a pragmatic account of reasoning as an experimental, inquiry-driven process grounded in experience.
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C.
On Certainty
On Certainty is a posthumously published collection of Ludwig Wittgenstein’s late philosophical notes that investigates the nature of knowledge, doubt, and foundational “hinge” propositions.
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D.
A History of Western Philosophy
A History of Western Philosophy is Bertrand Russell’s comprehensive survey of Western philosophical thought from the pre-Socratics to the early 20th century, combining exposition with critical commentary.
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E.
“Two Dogmas of Empiricism”
“Two Dogmas of Empiricism” is a landmark philosophical essay that challenges the analytic–synthetic distinction and reductionism, reshaping 20th-century debates in epistemology and the philosophy of language.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: The Problem of Knowledge Target entity description: The Problem of Knowledge is a 1956 philosophical work by A. J. Ayer that critically examines the nature, limits, and justification of human knowledge within the analytic tradition.
-
A.
The Problems of Philosophy
The Problems of Philosophy is a short, accessible 1912 book by Bertrand Russell that introduces key issues in epistemology and metaphysics, such as the nature of reality, knowledge, and appearance versus reality.
-
B.
Logic: The Theory of Inquiry
Logic: The Theory of Inquiry is John Dewey’s major work on logic, presenting a pragmatic account of reasoning as an experimental, inquiry-driven process grounded in experience.
-
C.
On Certainty
On Certainty is a posthumously published collection of Ludwig Wittgenstein’s late philosophical notes that investigates the nature of knowledge, doubt, and foundational “hinge” propositions.
-
D.
A History of Western Philosophy
A History of Western Philosophy is Bertrand Russell’s comprehensive survey of Western philosophical thought from the pre-Socratics to the early 20th century, combining exposition with critical commentary.
-
E.
“Two Dogmas of Empiricism”
“Two Dogmas of Empiricism” is a landmark philosophical essay that challenges the analytic–synthetic distinction and reductionism, reshaping 20th-century debates in epistemology and the philosophy of language.
- F. None of above. chosen
Statements (47)
| Predicate | Object |
|---|---|
| instanceOf |
non-fiction book
ⓘ
philosophical work ⓘ |
| addresses |
analysis of evidence
ⓘ
certainty versus probability ⓘ distinction between knowledge and belief ⓘ knowledge of necessary truths ⓘ knowledge of other minds ⓘ knowledge of the external world ⓘ knowledge of the past ⓘ |
| author | A. J. Ayer ⓘ |
| countryOfOrigin | United Kingdom ⓘ |
| examines |
analysis of justified true belief
ⓘ
coherentism ⓘ criteria for knowledge ⓘ empiricist theories of knowledge ⓘ foundationalism ⓘ probability and knowledge ⓘ responses to radical skepticism ⓘ role of sense-data in knowledge ⓘ |
| follows | Language, Truth and Logic ⓘ |
| genre | epistemology ⓘ |
| hasAuthorPhilosophicalStance | logical empiricism ⓘ |
| hasForm | monograph ⓘ |
| hasInfluenceOn |
contemporary analytic epistemology
ⓘ
debates about skepticism in the 20th century ⓘ discussions of justification in epistemology ⓘ |
| isAbout |
analysis of knowledge claims
ⓘ
epistemic justification ⓘ |
| language | English ⓘ |
| mainSubject |
a priori knowledge
ⓘ
certainty ⓘ induction ⓘ justification of knowledge ⓘ limits of knowledge ⓘ memory ⓘ nature of knowledge ⓘ perception ⓘ skepticism ⓘ testimony ⓘ verification ⓘ |
| philosophicalApproach | analytic method ⓘ |
| philosophicalContext | post-positivist analytic philosophy ⓘ |
| philosophicalDiscipline | epistemology ⓘ |
| philosophicalTradition | analytic philosophy ⓘ |
| publicationYear | 1956 ⓘ |
| timePeriod | 20th-century philosophy ⓘ |
| writtenBy |
A. J. Ayer
ⓘ
surface form:
Alfred Jules Ayer
|
How these facts were elicited
The pipeline generated the facts above by prompting gpt-5.1 with this entity's name + description and the instruction below.
Instruction
You are a knowledge base construction expert. Given a subject entity and a description of it, return factual statements that you know for the subject as a JSON list of dictionaries(triples), where keys must be "subject", "predicate" and "object". The number of facts may be very high, between 25 to 50 or more, for very popular subjects. For less popular subjects, the number of facts can be very low, like 5 or 10. # Requirements - If you don't know the subject at all, return an empty list. - If the subject is not a named entity, return an empty list. - Include at least one triple where predicate is "instanceOf". - Do not get too wordy. - Separate several objects into multiple triples with one object.
Input
Subject: The Problem of Knowledge Description of subject: The Problem of Knowledge is a 1956 philosophical work by A. J. Ayer that critically examines the nature, limits, and justification of human knowledge within the analytic tradition.
Referenced by (5)
Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.
this entity surface form:
The Problem of Knowledge (book)
this entity surface form:
The Problem of Knowledge (essay)