Naturalism
E13853
Naturalism is a philosophical worldview that explains reality solely in terms of natural causes, laws, and phenomena, typically rejecting supernatural or metaphysical explanations.
Observed surface forms (2)
| Surface form | Occurrences |
|---|---|
| metaphysical naturalism | 1 |
| scientific naturalism | 1 |
Statements (52)
| Predicate | Object |
|---|---|
| instanceOf |
epistemological stance
ⓘ
metaphysical position ⓘ ontological doctrine ⓘ philosophical worldview ⓘ |
| contrastsWith |
dualism
ⓘ
idealism ⓘ supernaturalism ⓘ theism ⓘ |
| defines | nature as the totality of space, time, matter, and energy ⓘ |
| emphasizes |
causal closure of the physical world
ⓘ
empirical evidence ⓘ laws of nature ⓘ scientific methods as primary means of knowing reality ⓘ |
| hasCoreClaim |
everything that exists is part of the natural world
ⓘ
reality is fully explainable by natural causes and laws ⓘ |
| hasVariant |
ethical naturalism
ⓘ
liberal naturalism ⓘ Naturalism self-linksurface differs ⓘ
surface form:
metaphysical naturalism
methodological naturalism ⓘ ontological naturalism ⓘ pragmatic naturalism ⓘ scientific naturalism ⓘ |
| historicalRoot |
Enlightenment thought
ⓘ
ancient Greek philosophy ⓘ |
| holdsThat |
all phenomena are ultimately natural phenomena
ⓘ
human beings are part of nature ⓘ mental states depend on or emerge from physical states ⓘ values and norms can be studied as natural phenomena ⓘ |
| influences |
contemporary analytic philosophy
ⓘ
epistemology ⓘ ethics ⓘ philosophy of mind ⓘ philosophy of science ⓘ |
| isAssociatedWith |
David Hume
ⓘ
Hilary Putnam ⓘ John Dewey ⓘ Mario Bunge ⓘ Willard Van Orman Quine ⓘ
surface form:
W. V. O. Quine
|
| isBasedOn | assumption that nature is all there is ⓘ |
| isCriticizedFor |
alleged inability to account for consciousness
ⓘ
alleged inability to ground objective morality ⓘ alleged self-referential problems about reason and reliability of cognition ⓘ |
| isRelatedTo |
agnosticism
ⓘ
atheism ⓘ empiricism ⓘ materialism ⓘ physicalism ⓘ scientific realism ⓘ secular humanism ⓘ |
| rejects |
appeals to non-natural entities
ⓘ
miraculous interventions in nature ⓘ supernatural explanations ⓘ |
Referenced by (19)
Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.
this entity surface form:
metaphysical naturalism
this entity surface form:
scientific naturalism