thing-in-itself (noumenon)
E13850
The thing-in-itself (noumenon) is Kant’s term for reality as it exists independently of human perception and experience, in contrast to the world of appearances (phenomena).
Aliases (2)
Statements (48)
| Predicate | Object |
|---|---|
| instanceOf |
epistemological concept
→
metaphysical concept → philosophical concept → |
| associatedWithDoctrine |
distinction between noumena and phenomena
→
epistemic limits of human reason → |
| belongsToPhilosophicalTradition |
German idealism
→
transcendental idealism → |
| canBeThoughtBy |
pure reason
→
|
| cannotBeKnownBy |
sensibility
→
theoretical cognition → understanding → |
| coinedBy |
Immanuel Kant
→
|
| contrastedWith |
appearance
→
phenomenon → |
| criticizedBy |
Arthur Schopenhauer
→
Friedrich Nietzsche → Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel → Johann Gottlieb Fichte → |
| definedAs |
object as it is in itself, not as it appears to us
→
reality as it exists independently of human perception → |
| describedInWork |
Critique of Pure Reason
→
|
| distinguishedFrom |
empirical object
→
object of possible experience → |
| epistemicStatusInKant |
unknowable by theoretical reason
→
|
| firstMajorPublicationDateContext |
1781 (first edition of Critique of Pure Reason)
→
|
| hasAlternativeName |
Ding an sich
→
noumenon → |
| hasDebatedStatus |
whether it is knowable in any sense
→
whether it is self-contradictory in Kant’s system → |
| influencedPhilosopher |
Arthur Schopenhauer
→
Friedrich Wilhelm Joseph Schelling → Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel → Johann Gottlieb Fichte → |
| inKantianEthics |
connected to idea of rational beings as ends in themselves
→
|
| inKantianMetaphysics |
marks distinction between appearances and things as they are in themselves
→
|
| interpretedAs |
limiting concept marking the boundary of experience
→
metaphysical substrate of appearances → |
| languageOfOrigin |
German
→
|
| originalTerm |
Ding an sich
→
|
| relatedConcept |
categories of understanding
→
forms of intuition → noumenal world → phenomenal world → space and time → transcendental idealism → |
| revisedDiscussionIn |
1787 (second edition of Critique of Pure Reason)
→
|
| roleInKantianSystem |
grounds appearances without itself being an appearance
→
limit concept for human cognition → |
Referenced by (3)
| Subject (surface form when different) | Predicate |
|---|---|
|
Arthur Schopenhauer
("will (as thing-in-itself)")
→
Immanuel Kant ("thing-in-itself") → |
hasPhilosophicalConcept |
|
Immanuel Kant
→
|
notableIdea |