Julian Steward
E110776
Julian Steward was an American anthropologist best known for developing the theory of cultural ecology, which examined how cultures adapt to their environments.
All labels observed (1)
| Label | Occurrences |
|---|---|
| Julian Steward canonical | 2 |
How this entity was disambiguated
This entity first appeared as the object of triple T766060 — resolving that mention is where its identity was fixed. The disambiguator weighed these candidate entities and picked the highlighted one (or “None”, minting a new entity). This is how homonymy is resolved: the same surface form can point to different entities.
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Julian Steward Context triple: [Alfred L. Kroeber, influenced, Julian Steward]
-
A.
Ralph Linton
Ralph Linton was an American anthropologist known for his work on culture and personality and for helping popularize key concepts such as status and role in social anthropology.
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B.
Alfred L. Kroeber
Alfred L. Kroeber was a pioneering American anthropologist known for his influential work on Native American cultures, linguistic anthropology, and the development of cultural anthropology in the United States.
-
C.
Kirkpatrick Durham
Kirkpatrick Durham is a village and civil parish in Dumfries and Galloway, Scotland, historically associated with the parish of Kirkpatrick.
-
D.
Alfred Marston Tozzer
Alfred Marston Tozzer was an American anthropologist and archaeologist known for his pioneering work on Mayan civilization and his long association with Harvard University.
-
E.
Franz Boas
Franz Boas was a pioneering German-American anthropologist often regarded as the "father of American anthropology" for his foundational work in cultural relativism and field-based ethnographic research.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Julian Steward Target entity description: Julian Steward was an American anthropologist best known for developing the theory of cultural ecology, which examined how cultures adapt to their environments.
-
A.
Ralph Linton
Ralph Linton was an American anthropologist known for his work on culture and personality and for helping popularize key concepts such as status and role in social anthropology.
-
B.
Alfred L. Kroeber
Alfred L. Kroeber was a pioneering American anthropologist known for his influential work on Native American cultures, linguistic anthropology, and the development of cultural anthropology in the United States.
-
C.
Kirkpatrick Durham
Kirkpatrick Durham is a village and civil parish in Dumfries and Galloway, Scotland, historically associated with the parish of Kirkpatrick.
-
D.
Alfred Marston Tozzer
Alfred Marston Tozzer was an American anthropologist and archaeologist known for his pioneering work on Mayan civilization and his long association with Harvard University.
-
E.
Franz Boas
Franz Boas was a pioneering German-American anthropologist often regarded as the "father of American anthropology" for his foundational work in cultural relativism and field-based ethnographic research.
- F. None of above. chosen
Statements (44)
| Predicate | Object |
|---|---|
| instanceOf |
American anthropologist
ⓘ
anthropologist ⓘ human ⓘ |
| academicDegree | PhD in anthropology ⓘ |
| approach | multilinear evolution rather than unilinear evolution ⓘ |
| countryOfCitizenship | United States of America ⓘ |
| educatedAt |
Cornell University
ⓘ
University of California, Berkeley ⓘ |
| employer |
Columbia University
ⓘ
Smithsonian Institution ⓘ University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign ⓘ University of Michigan ⓘ |
| familyName | Steward ⓘ |
| fieldOfWork |
anthropology
ⓘ
archaeology ⓘ cultural anthropology ⓘ |
| givenName | Julian ⓘ |
| influenced |
cultural ecology in anthropology
ⓘ
development studies ⓘ ecological anthropology ⓘ peasant studies ⓘ |
| influencedBy |
Alfred L. Kroeber
ⓘ
Robert H. Lowie ⓘ
surface form:
Robert Lowie
|
| knownFor |
multilinear evolution
ⓘ
studies of how cultures adapt to their environments ⓘ theory of cultural ecology ⓘ |
| languageOfWorkOrName | English ⓘ |
| memberOf |
American Anthropological Association
ⓘ
American Ethnological Society ⓘ |
| name | Julian Steward self-link ⓘ |
| notableWork |
Indigenous peoples of the Plateau
ⓘ
surface form:
Basin-Plateau Aboriginal Sociopolitical Groups
Irrigation Civilizations ⓘ Theory of Culture Change ⓘ |
| positionHeld |
chair of anthropology department at Columbia University
ⓘ
president of the American Anthropological Association ⓘ president of the American Ethnological Society ⓘ professor of anthropology ⓘ |
| researchInterest |
Indigenous peoples of the Great Basin
ⓘ
surface form:
Great Basin indigenous peoples
Dependency and Development in Latin America ⓘ
surface form:
Latin American peasant societies
Native Americans ⓘ
surface form:
Native American societies
cultural ecology ⓘ cultural evolution ⓘ |
| theoreticalContribution |
emphasized adaptation of social organization to ecological settings
ⓘ
linked cultural patterns to specific environmental and technological conditions ⓘ |
How these facts were elicited
The pipeline generated the facts above by prompting gpt-5.1 with this entity's name + description and the instruction below.
Instruction
You are a knowledge base construction expert. Given a subject entity and a description of it, return factual statements that you know for the subject as a JSON list of dictionaries(triples), where keys must be "subject", "predicate" and "object". The number of facts may be very high, between 25 to 50 or more, for very popular subjects. For less popular subjects, the number of facts can be very low, like 5 or 10. # Requirements - If you don't know the subject at all, return an empty list. - If the subject is not a named entity, return an empty list. - Include at least one triple where predicate is "instanceOf". - Do not get too wordy. - Separate several objects into multiple triples with one object.
Input
Subject: Julian Steward Description of subject: Julian Steward was an American anthropologist best known for developing the theory of cultural ecology, which examined how cultures adapt to their environments.
Referenced by (2)
Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.