“We Wear the Mask”

E1016271

“We Wear the Mask” is a renowned poem by Paul Laurence Dunbar that explores themes of racial injustice, emotional concealment, and the psychological toll of oppression.

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“We Wear the Mask” canonical 1

Statements (49)

Predicate Object
instanceOf poem
addresses forced performance of contentment
systemic oppression
associatedWith post-Reconstruction era United States
author Paul Laurence Dunbar NERFINISHED
centralMetaphor mask as a symbol of hidden pain
countryOfOrigin United States of America
surface form: United States
creatorOccupation Paul Laurence Dunbar was a poet
criticalReception widely acclaimed
firstPublishedIn Majors and Minors NERFINISHED
form three-stanza poem
genre lyric poetry
hasImageryOf bleeding hearts under a mask
smiling faces hiding suffering
includedIn numerous poetry anthologies
influenced later African American poets
language English
literaryDevice alliteration
extended metaphor
imagery
irony
paradox
repetition
literaryPeriod late 19th century American literature
meter predominantly iambic tetrameter
movement African American literature
American realism NERFINISHED
narrativeVoice first-person plural
notableAspect early articulation of the psychological effects of racism
use of collective voice to represent Black Americans
openingLine We wear the mask that grins and lies
originalPublicationYear 1896
pronounUsage we
relatedWorkByAuthor Lyrics of Lowly Life NERFINISHED
Sympathy NERFINISHED
rhymeScheme regular end rhyme
studiedIn African American literature courses
American poetry courses
subjectMatter African American experience under racism
theme collective suffering
double consciousness
emotional concealment
masking of true feelings
psychological toll of oppression
racial injustice
social hypocrisy
tone bitter
ironic
plaintive

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Paul Laurence Dunbar notableWork “We Wear the Mask”