Triple

T9931444
Position Surface form Disambiguated ID Type / Status
Subject EMSA-PSS E192656 entity
Predicate hasFullName P16 FINISHED
Object Encoding Method for Signature with Appendix – Probabilistic Signature Scheme
Encoding Method for Signature with Appendix – Probabilistic Signature Scheme (EMSA-PSS) is a cryptographic message encoding method used with RSA-PSS digital signatures to provide strong security against forgery through probabilistic padding.
E830588 NE FINISHED

How this triple was built (4 steps)

Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.

NER Named-entity recognition gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: Encoding Method for Signature with Appendix – Probabilistic Signature Scheme | Statement: [EMSA-PSS, hasFullName, Encoding Method for Signature with Appendix – Probabilistic Signature Scheme]
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Encoding Method for Signature with Appendix – Probabilistic Signature Scheme
Context triple: [EMSA-PSS, hasFullName, Encoding Method for Signature with Appendix – Probabilistic Signature Scheme]
  • A. Probabilistic Encryption
    Probabilistic Encryption is a cryptographic technique that uses randomness in the encryption process so that the same message encrypts to different ciphertexts, enhancing security against attackers.
  • B. Secrecy, Authentication, and Public Key Systems
    "Secrecy, Authentication, and Public Key Systems" is Ralph Merkle's influential doctoral thesis that helped lay the foundations of modern public-key cryptography and secure communication protocols.
  • C. Elliptic Curve Digital Signature Algorithm
    Elliptic Curve Digital Signature Algorithm is a public-key cryptographic method that uses elliptic curve mathematics to create compact, secure digital signatures for authentication and data integrity.
  • D. Shamir secret sharing scheme
    The Shamir secret sharing scheme is a cryptographic method that divides a secret into multiple parts so that only a specified threshold of parts can reconstruct the original secret, while fewer parts reveal nothing.
  • E. Curve25519-based schemes
    Curve25519-based schemes are cryptographic protocols and algorithms that use the Curve25519 elliptic curve to provide efficient, high-security public-key operations such as key exchange and digital signatures.
  • F. None of above. chosen
  • G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NEDg Description generation gpt-5.1
Instruction
Generate a one-sentence description of the target entity. 
You are given a context triple in the form (subject, predicate, object), where the object is the target entity. 
# Instructions
Use the triple to infer relevant information about the entity. Describe the entity based on what is most defining, well-known. 
Avoid repeating the information from the triple, unless really essential.
# Response Format
Return only the sentence: "Description: [one-sentence description of the target entity]"
Input
Entity: Encoding Method for Signature with Appendix – Probabilistic Signature Scheme
Triple: [EMSA-PSS, hasFullName, Encoding Method for Signature with Appendix – Probabilistic Signature Scheme]
Generated description
Encoding Method for Signature with Appendix – Probabilistic Signature Scheme (EMSA-PSS) is a cryptographic message encoding method used with RSA-PSS digital signatures to provide strong security against forgery through probabilistic padding.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Encoding Method for Signature with Appendix – Probabilistic Signature Scheme
Target entity description: Encoding Method for Signature with Appendix – Probabilistic Signature Scheme (EMSA-PSS) is a cryptographic message encoding method used with RSA-PSS digital signatures to provide strong security against forgery through probabilistic padding.
  • A. Probabilistic Encryption
    Probabilistic Encryption is a cryptographic technique that uses randomness in the encryption process so that the same message encrypts to different ciphertexts, enhancing security against attackers.
  • B. Secrecy, Authentication, and Public Key Systems
    "Secrecy, Authentication, and Public Key Systems" is Ralph Merkle's influential doctoral thesis that helped lay the foundations of modern public-key cryptography and secure communication protocols.
  • C. Elliptic Curve Digital Signature Algorithm
    Elliptic Curve Digital Signature Algorithm is a public-key cryptographic method that uses elliptic curve mathematics to create compact, secure digital signatures for authentication and data integrity.
  • D. Shamir secret sharing scheme
    The Shamir secret sharing scheme is a cryptographic method that divides a secret into multiple parts so that only a specified threshold of parts can reconstruct the original secret, while fewer parts reveal nothing.
  • E. Curve25519-based schemes
    Curve25519-based schemes are cryptographic protocols and algorithms that use the Curve25519 elliptic curve to provide efficient, high-security public-key operations such as key exchange and digital signatures.
  • F. None of above. chosen

Provenance (5 batches)

The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.

Step Stage Batch ID Status When
creating Elicitation batch_69ca82dd978c8190947124ab0d3315ac completed March 30, 2026, 2:04 p.m.
NER Named-entity recognition batch_69cdb5b54f348190b8e70e7beff6098a completed April 2, 2026, 12:17 a.m.
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) batch_69d228cab0fc81908ff5fad6916c1bab completed April 5, 2026, 9:18 a.m.
NEDg Description generation batch_69d22990ef5881908b6a6100d7dcf6e6 completed April 5, 2026, 9:21 a.m.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) batch_69d22a0cb0808190a6119dc0268c50b9 completed April 5, 2026, 9:23 a.m.
Created at: March 30, 2026, 8:43 p.m.