Triple

T9838468
Position Surface form Disambiguated ID Type / Status
Subject Dexter Kozen E239160 entity
Predicate notableWork P4 FINISHED
Object Automata and Computability (textbook)
Automata and Computability is a widely used theoretical computer science textbook by Dexter Kozen that introduces formal languages, automata theory, and the foundations of computability.
E825608 NE FINISHED

How this triple was built (4 steps)

Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.

NER Named-entity recognition gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: Automata and Computability (textbook) | Statement: [Dexter Kozen, notableWork, Automata and Computability (textbook)]
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Automata and Computability (textbook)
Context triple: [Dexter Kozen, notableWork, Automata and Computability (textbook)]
  • A. "Introduction to Automata Theory, Languages, and Computation"
    "Introduction to Automata Theory, Languages, and Computation" is a foundational textbook in theoretical computer science that systematically develops the theory of automata, formal languages, and computational complexity.
  • B. Introduction to the Theory of Computation
    Introduction to the Theory of Computation is a widely used textbook in theoretical computer science that covers formal languages, automata, computability, and complexity theory.
  • C. Elements of the Theory of Computation
    Elements of the Theory of Computation is a foundational textbook that introduces the mathematical and theoretical principles underlying computer science, including automata, formal languages, and computability.
  • D. Finite Automata and Their Decision Problems
    "Finite Automata and Their Decision Problems" is a landmark 1959 paper by Dana Scott and Michael Rabin that founded the modern theory of finite automata and formalized key decision problems in automata theory and computation.
  • E. Automata Theory
    Automata Theory is a branch of theoretical computer science that studies abstract computational models and the problems they can solve, forming a foundation for formal languages, compilers, and complexity theory.
  • F. None of above. chosen
  • G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NEDg Description generation gpt-5.1
Instruction
Generate a one-sentence description of the target entity. 
You are given a context triple in the form (subject, predicate, object), where the object is the target entity. 
# Instructions
Use the triple to infer relevant information about the entity. Describe the entity based on what is most defining, well-known. 
Avoid repeating the information from the triple, unless really essential.
# Response Format
Return only the sentence: "Description: [one-sentence description of the target entity]"
Input
Entity: Automata and Computability (textbook)
Triple: [Dexter Kozen, notableWork, Automata and Computability (textbook)]
Generated description
Automata and Computability is a widely used theoretical computer science textbook by Dexter Kozen that introduces formal languages, automata theory, and the foundations of computability.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Automata and Computability (textbook)
Target entity description: Automata and Computability is a widely used theoretical computer science textbook by Dexter Kozen that introduces formal languages, automata theory, and the foundations of computability.
  • A. "Introduction to Automata Theory, Languages, and Computation"
    "Introduction to Automata Theory, Languages, and Computation" is a foundational textbook in theoretical computer science that systematically develops the theory of automata, formal languages, and computational complexity.
  • B. Introduction to the Theory of Computation
    Introduction to the Theory of Computation is a widely used textbook in theoretical computer science that covers formal languages, automata, computability, and complexity theory.
  • C. Elements of the Theory of Computation
    Elements of the Theory of Computation is a foundational textbook that introduces the mathematical and theoretical principles underlying computer science, including automata, formal languages, and computability.
  • D. Finite Automata and Their Decision Problems
    "Finite Automata and Their Decision Problems" is a landmark 1959 paper by Dana Scott and Michael Rabin that founded the modern theory of finite automata and formalized key decision problems in automata theory and computation.
  • E. Automata Theory
    Automata Theory is a branch of theoretical computer science that studies abstract computational models and the problems they can solve, forming a foundation for formal languages, compilers, and complexity theory.
  • F. None of above. chosen

Provenance (5 batches)

The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.

Step Stage Batch ID Status When
creating Elicitation batch_69ca84e314108190978324a4bdb959f8 completed March 30, 2026, 2:12 p.m.
NER Named-entity recognition batch_69cdb34921b881909836ba0f5b42a27b completed April 2, 2026, 12:07 a.m.
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) batch_69d1e429682c8190a94339b96d4081f6 completed April 5, 2026, 4:25 a.m.
NEDg Description generation batch_69d1e50214888190a93a9a27cc3f203f completed April 5, 2026, 4:28 a.m.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) batch_69d1e5659fd88190bcee1dc2851df117 completed April 5, 2026, 4:30 a.m.
Created at: March 30, 2026, 8:33 p.m.